Welch Elisabeth, Ghaderi Ata, Swenne Ingemar
Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
BMC Psychiatry. 2015 Mar 11;15:45. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0419-8.
Eating disorders (ED) are serious disorders that have a negative impact on both the psychological and the physiological well-being of the afflicted. Despite the fact that ED affect both genders, males are often underrepresented in research and when included the sample sizes are often too small for separate analyses. Consequently we have an unclear and sometimes contradictory picture of the clinical characteristics of males with ED. The aim of the present study was to improve our understanding of the clinical features of adolescent males with eating disorders.
We compared age at presentation, weight at presentation, history of significantly different premorbid weight and psychiatric (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)) and somatic comorbidity (celiac disease and diabetes) of 58 males to 606 females seeking medical care for eating disorders at the Children's Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden during the years 1999-2012. As all boys were diagnosed with either AN or Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) atypical AN, the age and weight comparisons were limited to those girls fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for AN or OSFED atypical AN.
There was no significant difference in age at presentation. Differences in weight at presentation and premorbid weight history were mixed. A significantly higher percentage of males had a history of a BMI greater than two standard deviations above the mean for their corresponding age group. As well, there was a higher prevalence of ADHD among the males whereas celiac disease and diabetes only was found among the females.
A better understanding of the clinical characteristics of males with ED at presentation should improve our ability to identify males with ED and thereby aid in tailoring the best treatment alternatives.
饮食失调（ED）是严重的疾病，会对患者的心理和生理健康产生负面影响。尽管饮食失调影响男女两性，但男性在研究中的代表性往往不足，即便纳入研究，样本量通常也过小，无法进行单独分析。因此，我们对患有饮食失调的男性的临床特征了解不清，有时甚至相互矛盾。本研究的目的是增进我们对患有饮食失调的青春期男性临床特征的理解。
我们比较了1999年至2012年期间在瑞典乌普萨拉儿童医院因饮食失调寻求医疗护理的58名男性和606名女性的就诊年龄、就诊时体重、病前体重显著不同的病史以及精神疾病（注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD））和躯体合并症（乳糜泻和糖尿病）。由于所有男孩均被诊断为神经性厌食症（AN）或其他特定的喂养或饮食失调（OSFED）非典型AN，年龄和体重比较仅限于符合AN或OSFED非典型AN诊断标准的女孩。
就诊年龄无显著差异。就诊时体重和病前体重史的差异不一。男性中BMI高于相应年龄组均值两个标准差以上的病史比例显著更高。此外，男性中ADHD的患病率更高，而乳糜泻和糖尿病仅在女性中发现。
更好地了解患有饮食失调的男性就诊时的临床特征应能提高我们识别患有饮食失调的男性的能力，从而有助于制定最佳治疗方案。
