Terzic-Supic Zorica, Bjegovic-Mikanovic Vesna, Vukovic Dejana, Santric-Milicevic Milena, Marinkovic Jelena, Vasic Vladimir, Laaser Ulrich
Institute of Social Medicine, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.
Centre-School of Public Health and Management, University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.
BMC Med Educ. 2015 Feb 26;15:25. doi: 10.1186/s12909-015-0310-9.
Training is the systematic acquisition of skills, rules, concepts, or attitudes and is one of the most important components in any organization's strategy. There is increasing demand for formal and informal training programs especially for physicians in leadership positions. This study determined the learning outcomes after a specific training program for hospital management teams.
The study was conducted during 2006 and 2007 at the Centre School of Public Health and Management, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade and included 107 participants involved in the management in 20 Serbian general hospitals. The management teams were multidisciplinary, consisting of five members on average: the director of the general hospital, the deputy directors, the head nurse, and the chiefs of support services. The managers attended a training program, which comprised four modules addressing specific topics. Three reviewers independently evaluated the level of management skills at the beginning and 12 months after the training program. Principal component analysis and subsequent stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine predictors of learning outcomes.
The quality of the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analyses performed by the trainees improved with differences between 0.35 and 0.49 on a Likert scale (p < 0.001). Principal component analysis explained 81% of the variance affecting their quality of strategic planning. Following the training program, the external environment, strategic positioning, and quality of care were predictors of learning outcomes. The four regression models used showed that the training program had positive effects (p < 0.001) on the ability to formulate a Strategic Plan comprising the hospital mission, vision, strategic objectives, and action plan.
This study provided evidence that training for strategic planning and management enhanced the strategic decision-making of hospital management teams, which is a requirement for hospitals in an increasingly competitive, complex and challenging context. For the first time, half of state general hospitals involved in team training have formulated the development of an official strategic plan. The positive effects of the formal training program justify additional investment in future education and training.
培训是对技能、规则、概念或态度的系统习得，是任何组织战略中最重要的组成部分之一。对正式和非正式培训项目的需求日益增加，尤其是对担任领导职务的医生。本研究确定了针对医院管理团队的特定培训项目后的学习成果。
该研究于2006年至2007年在贝尔格莱德大学医学院公共卫生与管理中心学校进行，纳入了20家塞尔维亚综合医院参与管理的107名参与者。管理团队是多学科的，平均由五名成员组成：综合医院院长、副院长、护士长和支持服务部门主管。管理人员参加了一个培训项目，该项目包括四个针对特定主题的模块。三名评审员在培训项目开始时和结束12个月后独立评估管理技能水平。进行主成分分析和随后的逐步多元线性回归分析以确定学习成果的预测因素。
学员进行的SWOT（优势、劣势、机会和威胁）分析的质量有所提高，李克特量表上的差异在0.35至0.49之间（p < 0.001）。主成分分析解释了影响其战略规划质量的81%的方差。培训项目结束后，外部环境、战略定位和护理质量是学习成果的预测因素。所使用的四个回归模型表明，培训项目对制定包含医院使命、愿景、战略目标和行动计划的战略计划的能力有积极影响（p < 0.001）。
本研究提供了证据表明，战略规划和管理培训增强了医院管理团队的战略决策能力，这是医院在竞争日益激烈、复杂和具有挑战性的环境中的一项要求。首次有一半参与团队培训的州立综合医院制定了官方战略计划的发展规划。正式培训项目的积极效果证明了对未来教育和培训进行额外投资的合理性。
