Leonard W R
Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1989 Nov;80(3):341-52. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330800308.
Data on nutritional intake and patterns of physical growth in the rural Andean community of Nuñoa, Peru (elevation 4,000 m), are described and compared to data previously collected from this location. Food consumption data and selected anthropometric measures were obtained from a sample of 33 households. Estimates of caloric intake from this study are very similar to those obtained in Nuñoa during the mid- and late 1960s. However, within the present sample, upper income (i.e., middle class) individuals have significantly higher caloric intakes than those of the lower income group and also appear to have an improved diet relative to individuals of 20 years ago. Anthropometric data show that children of the upper socioeconomic status (SES) group are significantly taller and heavier than the lower SES group children. Moreover, the children of the wealthier families are taller and heavier than the children measured 20 years ago at the same location, whereas the poorer children are not. These results indicate that nutritional factors have significantly contributed to the extreme pattern of slow growth previously reported for children of Nuñoa and, moreover, demonstrate how social and environmental forces interact to create differential levels of stress that contribute to variation in biological well-being.
本文描述了秘鲁努尼奥阿（海拔4000米）安第斯农村社区的营养摄入和身体生长模式数据，并将其与之前在该地区收集的数据进行比较。食物消费数据和选定的人体测量指标来自33户家庭的样本。本研究中的热量摄入估计值与20世纪60年代中期和后期在努尼奥阿获得的估计值非常相似。然而，在当前样本中，高收入（即中产阶级）个体的热量摄入量明显高于低收入群体，而且相对于20年前的个体，他们的饮食似乎也有所改善。人体测量数据显示，社会经济地位较高（SES）组的儿童比社会经济地位较低组的儿童明显更高、更重。此外，富裕家庭的孩子比20年前在同一地点测量的孩子更高、更重，而贫困家庭的孩子则不然。这些结果表明，营养因素是导致之前报道的努尼奥阿儿童生长缓慢极端模式的重要因素，而且还表明社会和环境力量是如何相互作用，造成不同程度的压力，进而导致生物健康状况的差异。
