注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童和青少年超重和肥胖的流行：共病和药物治疗的意义。
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: The Significance of Comorbidities and Pharmacotherapy.
机构信息
1 Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
2 Department of Human Biological Development, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2018 Oct;22(12):1095-1108. doi: 10.1177/1087054715578272. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
OBJECTIVE
Assessment of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with ADHD with emphasis on pharmacological treatment and comorbid disorders.
METHOD
We analyzed 408 medical records of patients with ADHD aged 7 to 18.
RESULTS
The prevalence of overweight (14.71% vs. 12.83%, χ = 3,586.43, p < .001) and obesity (6.37% vs. 3.45%, χ = 3,588.19, p < .001) was significantly higher in children with ADHD compared with the population. There was significantly higher incidence of obesity in patients with comorbid diagnosis of adjustment disorder (22.22% vs. 4.42%, χ = 5.66, p = .02) and mental retardation (19.05% vs. 4.42%, χ = 7.63, p = .005). Pharmacological treatment was associated with a higher incidence of obesity (8.37% vs. 2.76%, χ = 4.92, p = .03).
CONCLUSION
Standardized body mass index (BMI), prevalence of overweight, and obesity was higher in patients with ADHD compared with the population. Higher incidence of obesity was shown in patients with analyzed comorbidities.
目的
评估患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年超重和肥胖的患病率，重点关注药物治疗和共病障碍。
方法
我们分析了 408 名年龄在 7 至 18 岁的 ADHD 患者的医疗记录。
结果
与普通人群相比，ADHD 儿童的超重（14.71%比 12.83%，χ=3.586.43，p<0.001）和肥胖（6.37%比 3.45%，χ=3.588.19，p<0.001）患病率显著更高。伴有适应障碍（22.22%比 4.42%，χ=5.66，p=0.02）和智力障碍（19.05%比 4.42%，χ=7.63，p=0.005）共病诊断的患者肥胖发生率显著更高。药物治疗与肥胖发生率更高相关（8.37%比 2.76%，χ=4.92，p=0.03）。
结论
与普通人群相比，ADHD 患者的标准化体重指数（BMI）、超重和肥胖患病率更高。在分析的共病患者中，肥胖的发生率更高。
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