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高粱（Panicoidae）花序和株高构成的遗传分析及与水稻（Oryzoidae）的比较遗传学。

Genetic analysis of inflorescence and plant height components in sorghum (Panicoidae) and comparative genetics with rice (Oryzoidae).

机构信息

Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.

Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.

出版信息

BMC Plant Biol. 2015 Apr 19;15:107. doi: 10.1186/s12870-015-0477-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12870-015-0477-6
PMID:25896918
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4404672/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Domestication has played an important role in shaping characteristics of the inflorescence and plant height in cultivated cereals. Taking advantage of meta-analysis of QTLs, phylogenetic analyses in 502 diverse sorghum accessions, GWAS in a sorghum association panel (n = 354) and comparative data, we provide insight into the genetic basis of the domestication traits in sorghum and rice.

RESULTS

We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on 6 traits related to inflorescence morphology and 6 traits related to plant height in sorghum, comparing the genomic regions implicated in these traits by GWAS and QTL mapping, respectively. In a search for signatures of selection, we identify genomic regions that may contribute to sorghum domestication regarding plant height, flowering time and pericarp color. Comparative studies across taxa show functionally conserved 'hotspots' in sorghum and rice for awn presence and pericarp color that do not appear to reflect corresponding single genes but may indicate co-regulated clusters of genes. We also reveal homoeologous regions retaining similar functions for plant height and flowering time since genome duplication an estimated 70 million years ago or more in a common ancestor of cereals. In most such homoeologous QTL pairs, only one QTL interval exhibits strong selection signals in modern sorghum.

CONCLUSIONS

Intersections among QTL, GWAS and comparative data advance knowledge of genetic determinants of inflorescence and plant height components in sorghum, and add new dimensions to comparisons between sorghum and rice.

摘要

背景

驯化在塑造栽培谷物花序和株高特征方面发挥了重要作用。利用 QTL 的荟萃分析、502 个不同高粱品种的系统发育分析、高粱关联群体（n = 354）的 GWAS 和比较数据，我们深入了解了高粱和水稻驯化性状的遗传基础。

结果

我们对高粱 6 个性状与花序形态相关的性状和 6 个性状与株高相关的性状进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），分别比较了 GWAS 和 QTL 定位所涉及的这些性状的基因组区域。在寻找选择特征的过程中，我们确定了可能与高粱株高、开花时间和果皮颜色驯化有关的基因组区域。跨分类群的比较研究表明，高粱和水稻中存在与芒存在和果皮颜色相关的功能保守“热点”，这些热点似乎并不反映相应的单个基因，而是可能表明基因的共同调控簇。我们还揭示了自大约 7000 万年前或更早的谷物共同祖先以来，在同源区域中保留了与株高和开花时间相似的功能，这表明了同源区域中保留了与株高和开花时间相似的功能。在大多数这样的同源 QTL 对中，只有一个 QTL 区间在现代高粱中表现出强烈的选择信号。

结论

QTL、GWAS 和比较数据的交集提高了我们对高粱花序和株高组成部分遗传决定因素的认识，并为高粱和水稻之间的比较增添了新的维度。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/005dc1f2ea1a/12870_2015_477_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/3543655240ea/12870_2015_477_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/8ca15c6620d5/12870_2015_477_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/b10ac0ef4345/12870_2015_477_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/d4da1b5ece2e/12870_2015_477_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/90b5803edd20/12870_2015_477_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/26f7f615671e/12870_2015_477_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/005dc1f2ea1a/12870_2015_477_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/3543655240ea/12870_2015_477_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/8ca15c6620d5/12870_2015_477_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/b10ac0ef4345/12870_2015_477_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/d4da1b5ece2e/12870_2015_477_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/90b5803edd20/12870_2015_477_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/26f7f615671e/12870_2015_477_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e3b6/4404672/005dc1f2ea1a/12870_2015_477_Fig7_HTML.jpg

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