Kim Jun Won, Lee KounSeok, Lee Young Sik, Han Doug Hyun, Min Kyung Joon, Song Sung Hwan, Park Ga Na, Lee Ju Young, Kim Jae Ock
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea ; Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015 Apr 7;11:991-8. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S76105. eCollection 2015.
Low socioeconomic status is an important risk factor for child psychiatric problems. Low socioeconomic status is also associated with psychiatric problems later in life. We investigated the effects of group bullying on clinical characteristics and psychopathology in elementary school students using child-welfare facilities.
Three hundred and fifty-eight elementary school students using child-welfare facilities were recruited. The School Bullying Self Rating Questionnaire was used to assess group bullying. To evaluate related psychopathology, the Children's Problem-Behavior Screening Questionnaire, the Children's Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, Young's Internet Addiction Scale, and Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale were applied. Samples were classified according to school grade (lower or upper), and each group's characteristics were compared as they related to bullying victims versus non-victims.
The prevalence rate of group bullying was 22% in the lower-grade group and 12% in the higher-grade group. Bullying victims in lower grades reported high somatization, depressive symptoms, Internet addiction, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder tendencies, whereas those in upper grades reported cognitive problems, symptoms of depression and anxiety, suicidal ideation, Internet addiction, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder tendencies. Somatization and depressive symptoms were significant predictors of bullying in the lower-grade group, and anxiety was a significant predictor of bullying in the upper-grade group.
This study demonstrated that elementary school students using child-welfare facilities might have an increased risk of being bullied and that bullying victims may have different psychopathologies depending on their ages.
社会经济地位低下是儿童精神问题的重要危险因素。社会经济地位低下还与日后生活中的精神问题有关。我们调查了群体欺凌对使用儿童福利设施的小学生临床特征和精神病理学的影响。
招募了358名使用儿童福利设施的小学生。使用《学校欺凌自评问卷》评估群体欺凌情况。为评估相关的精神病理学，应用了《儿童问题行为筛查问卷》《儿童抑郁量表》《贝克焦虑量表》《自杀意念问卷》《青少年网瘾量表》和《康纳斯-韦尔斯青少年自评量表》。样本按年级（低年级或高年级）分类，并比较了每组中欺凌受害者与非受害者相关的特征。
低年级组群体欺凌的患病率为22%，高年级组为12%。低年级的欺凌受害者报告有较高的躯体化、抑郁症状、网瘾和注意力缺陷多动障碍倾向，而高年级的受害者报告有认知问题、抑郁和焦虑症状、自杀意念、网瘾和注意力缺陷多动障碍倾向。躯体化和抑郁症状是低年级组欺凌的重要预测因素，焦虑是高年级组欺凌的重要预测因素。
本研究表明，使用儿童福利设施的小学生可能遭受欺凌的风险增加，而且欺凌受害者可能因其年龄不同而有不同的精神病理学表现。
