Samadi Sayyed Ali, McConkey Roy
Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 Sep;45(9):2908-16. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2454-1.
Suitable screening instruments for the early diagnosis of autism are not readily available for use with preschoolers in non-Western countries. This study evaluated two tools: M-CHAT which is widely used internationally and one developed in Iran called Hiva. A population sample was recruited of nearly 3000 preschoolers in one Iranian city. Parents self-completed the two tools and children who screened positive were invited for a follow-up interview followed by a diagnostic assessment. The Hiva scale proved to be more efficacious in identifying children with ASD and the resulting prevalence rate was higher than that previously reported for Iranian 5 year olds. The study confirms the need to attune screening tools to the cultural contexts in which they are used.
在非西方国家，适合用于学龄前儿童自闭症早期诊断的筛查工具并不容易获得。本研究评估了两种工具：一种是在国际上广泛使用的《婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表》（M-CHAT），另一种是伊朗开发的名为希瓦（Hiva）的工具。在伊朗一个城市招募了近3000名学龄前儿童作为总体样本。家长自行填写这两种工具，筛查呈阳性的儿童被邀请进行后续访谈，然后进行诊断评估。结果表明，希瓦量表在识别自闭症谱系障碍儿童方面更有效，所得患病率高于此前报道的伊朗5岁儿童患病率。该研究证实了根据使用筛查工具的文化背景进行调整的必要性。
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