Gidado Saheed, Oladimeji Abisola M, Roberts Alero Ann, Nguku Patrick, Nwangwu Iruoma Genevieve, Waziri Ndadilnasiya Endie, Shuaib Faisal, Oguntimehin Olukayode, Musa Emmanuel, Nzuki Charles, Nasidi Abdulsalami, Adewuyi Peter, Daniel Tom-Aba, Olayinka Adebola, Odubanjo Oladoyin, Poggensee Gabriele
Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria.
Department of Community Health & Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
PLoS Curr. 2015 Apr 8;7:ecurrents.outbreaks.0b805cac244d700a47d6a3713ef2d6db. doi: 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.0b805cac244d700a47d6a3713ef2d6db.
The first ever outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Nigeria was declared in July, 2014. Level of public knowledge, perception and adequacy of information on EVD were unknown. We assessed the public preparedness level to adopt disease preventive behavior which is premised on appropriate knowledge, perception and adequate information.
We enrolled 5,322 respondents in a community-based cross-sectional study. We used interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, EVD-related knowledge, perception and source of information. We performed univariate and bivariate data analysis using Epi-Info software setting p-value of 0.05 as cut-off for statistical significance.
Mean age of respondents was 34 years (± 11.4 years), 52.3% were males. Forty one percent possessed satisfactory general knowledge; 44% and 43.1% possessed satisfactory knowledge on mode of spread and preventive measures, respectively. Residing in EVD cases districts, male respondents and possessing at least secondary education were positively associated with satisfactory general knowledge (p-value: 0.01, 0.001 and 0.000004, respectively). Seventy one percent perceived EVD as a public health problem while 61% believed they cannot contract the disease. Sixty two percent and 64% of respondents will not shake hands and hug a successfully treated EVD patient respectively. Only 2.2% of respondents practice good hand-washing practice. Television (68.8%) and radio (55.0%) are the most common sources of information on EVD.
Gaps in EVD-related knowledge and perception exist. Targeted public health messages to raise knowledge level, correct misconception and discourage stigmatization should be widely disseminated, with television and radio as media of choice.
2014年7月，尼日利亚首次宣布爆发埃博拉病毒病（EVD）。当时公众对埃博拉病毒病的了解程度、认知以及信息获取情况均不明确。我们评估了公众基于适当知识、认知和充分信息采取疾病预防行为的准备程度。
我们在一项基于社区的横断面研究中纳入了5322名受访者。我们使用访谈式问卷收集社会人口学特征、与埃博拉病毒病相关的知识、认知以及信息来源的数据。我们使用Epi-Info软件进行单变量和双变量数据分析，将p值设为0.05作为统计学显著性的临界值。
受访者的平均年龄为34岁（±11.4岁），52.3%为男性。41%的人具备令人满意的一般知识；分别有44%和43.1%的人对传播方式和预防措施有令人满意的了解。居住在有埃博拉病毒病病例的地区、男性受访者以及至少接受过中等教育与具备令人满意的一般知识呈正相关（p值分别为0.01、0.001和0.000004）。71%的人认为埃博拉病毒病是一个公共卫生问题，而61%的人认为自己不会感染该疾病。分别有62%和64%的受访者不会与成功治愈的埃博拉病毒病患者握手和拥抱。只有2.2%的受访者有良好的洗手习惯。电视（68.8%）和广播（55.0%）是关于埃博拉病毒病最常见的信息来源。
在与埃博拉病毒病相关的知识和认知方面存在差距。应广泛传播有针对性的公共卫生信息，以提高知识水平、纠正误解并减少污名化，首选电视和广播作为传播媒介。
