Mohammed Abdurehman Eshete, Shenkute Tilahun Yemane, Gebisa Waqtola Cheneke
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2015 Apr 15;8:197-206. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S80084. eCollection 2015.
Globally, diabetes is rising dramatically causing high health burden in low- and middle-income countries. It is estimated that about 382 million people had diabetes in 2013. In 2013, diabetes caused 5.1 million deaths globally. Almost 80% of diabetes deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.
To assess the magnitude of diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated risk factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2014 at Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Convenient sampling technique was implemented. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected by senior clinical nurses. Venous blood was collected from each study participant. Serum glucose and lipid profile of the study participants was measured using HumaStar 80 spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were utilized.
A total of 393 HIV-infected individuals of age ranging from 21 years to 75 years had enrolled in this study. The overall prevalence of DM in this study was 6.4% (n=25). Two hundred and ninety-one (74%) and 77 (19.6%) of the study participants had normal (70-110 mg/dL) and impaired (111-125 mg/dL) fasting blood glucose values, respectively. After adjusting for the other variables, age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =4.812, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.668-13.881, P=0.004), duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (AOR =26.928, 95% CI: 3.722-194.822, P=0.001), hypertension (AOR =4.779, 95% CI: 1.646-13.874, P=0.004), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (AOR =5.669, 95% CI: 1.849-17.382, P=0.004) were significantly associated with DM.
HAART may have an impact on the cause of diabetes. Hence, HIV-infected individuals should be screened for diabetes, both before and after initiation of HAART.
在全球范围内，糖尿病发病率急剧上升，给低收入和中等收入国家带来了沉重的健康负担。据估计，2013年全球约有3.82亿人患有糖尿病。2013年，糖尿病在全球导致510万人死亡。几乎80%的糖尿病死亡发生在低收入和中等收入国家。
评估人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者中糖尿病（DM）的严重程度及相关危险因素。
2014年4月至5月在吉姆马大学专科医院开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用方便抽样技术。社会人口统计学和人体测量学数据由资深临床护士收集。从每位研究参与者采集静脉血。使用HumaStar 80分光光度计测量研究参与者的血清葡萄糖和血脂水平。数据采用SPSS 20版进行分析。运用二元和多元逻辑回归分析。
本研究共纳入393名年龄在21岁至75岁之间的HIV感染者。本研究中DM的总体患病率为6.4%（n = 25）。291名（74%）和77名（19.6%）研究参与者的空腹血糖值分别正常（70 - 110mg/dL）和受损（111 - 125mg/dL）。在对其他变量进行调整后，年龄（调整优势比[AOR] = 4.812，95%置信区间[CI]：1.668 - 13.881，P = 0.004）、高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）持续时间（AOR = 26.928，95% CI：3.722 - 194.822，P = 0.001）、高血压（AOR = 4.779，95% CI：1.646 - 13.874，P = 0.004）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（AOR = 5.669，95% CI：1.849 - 17.382，P = 0.004）与DM显著相关。
HAART可能对糖尿病病因有影响。因此，HIV感染者在开始HAART之前和之后都应进行糖尿病筛查。
