Cavazza Nicoletta, Guidetti Margherita, Butera Fabrizio
Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Appetite. 2015 Aug;91:266-72. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.04.068. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
The association between certain foods and masculinity or femininity has been widely discussed in different disciplines. However, extant research has yet to clarify which are the critical dimensions lending these gender connotations to food and thus impacting on the willingness to eat it. We present a study on the role of food type, portion size, and dish presentation as potential factors constituting the gender-based stereotype about food, and their indirect or mediated effect on the intention of men and women to eat certain feminine/masculine stereotyped foods. We manipulated the three features cited above in a 2 (food type: Caprese vs. hamburger) × 2 (portion size: small vs. big) × 2 (presentation: elegant vs. rough) full factorial design. Results confirmed a model of moderated mediation: the Caprese salad, the small portion and the elegantly presented dish (in respect to the hamburger, the big portion and the roughly presented dish) tend to be considered "feminine food", and thus women expressed a more pronounced intention to eat it than men. The implications of the findings for both theory and practice are discussed.
某些食物与男性气质或女性气质之间的关联在不同学科中已得到广泛讨论。然而，现有研究尚未阐明哪些是赋予食物这些性别内涵并因此影响食用意愿的关键维度。我们开展了一项研究，探讨食物类型、份量大小和菜肴呈现方式作为构成食物性别刻板印象的潜在因素所起的作用，以及它们对男性和女性食用某些具有女性/男性刻板印象食物意愿的间接或中介效应。我们在一个2（食物类型：意大利卡布里沙拉与汉堡）×2（份量大小：小份与大份）×2（呈现方式：精致与粗糙）的全因子设计中对上述三个特征进行了操控。结果证实了一个有调节的中介模型：意大利卡布里沙拉、小份食物以及呈现精致的菜肴（相对于汉堡、大份食物和呈现粗糙的菜肴）往往被视为“女性化食物”，因此女性比男性表现出更强烈的食用意愿。我们讨论了这些发现对理论和实践的启示。
