Karlitepe Ayfer, Ozalp Ozgun, Avci Cigir Biray
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Tumour Biol. 2015 Jun;36(6):4075-8. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-3491-2. Epub 2015 May 2.
Immunotherapy is a promising field that offers alternative methods for treatment of cancer. The current strategy consists of cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and cellular therapies. Cancer vaccines aim to eradicate cancer cells via immune system. Thus, they may attack these cells derived from any type of cancer, besides their role in preventing cancer. Lymphocytes and dendritic cells are often used in cellular therapy. In addition, monoclonal antibodies are designed to target specific antigens found in cancer cells. Currently, at least 12 clinically approved monoclonal antibodies are being used and many cancer vaccines are being developed with ongoing phase studies for cancer therapy. Relevant studies are focused on glioma and several other cancer types. Correspondingly, the combination of effective methods may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. It is thought that particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors will play a crucial role in immunotherapeutic approaches.
免疫疗法是一个很有前景的领域，它为癌症治疗提供了替代方法。目前的策略包括癌症疫苗、单克隆抗体和细胞疗法。癌症疫苗旨在通过免疫系统根除癌细胞。因此，它们除了在预防癌症方面发挥作用外，还可能攻击源自任何类型癌症的这些细胞。淋巴细胞和树突状细胞常用于细胞疗法。此外，单克隆抗体旨在靶向癌细胞中发现的特定抗原。目前，至少有12种临床批准的单克隆抗体正在使用，并且正在开发许多癌症疫苗，同时正在进行癌症治疗的阶段性研究。相关研究集中在胶质瘤和其他几种癌症类型上。相应地，有效方法的组合可能会提高免疫疗法的疗效。人们认为，特别是免疫检查点抑制剂将在免疫治疗方法中发挥关键作用。
