Samek Diana R, Elkins Irene J, Keyes Margaret A, Iacono William G, McGue Matt
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
J Adolesc Health. 2015 Jul;57(1):107-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.009. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Life course-persistent antisocial behavior manifests as a display of aggressive and antisocial behavior beginning in childhood (conduct disorder [CD]) and lasting through adulthood (adult antisocial personality disorder). This study aimed to build on prior research by evaluating whether involvement in high school sports helped attenuate the association between CD and subsequent adult antisocial behavior (AAB).
A prospective sample of 967 male and female adolescents (56% adopted) was used. Structured interviews were used to assess CD (symptoms before the age of 15 years), involvement in sports during high school, and past-year adult antisocial personality disorder symptoms in young adulthood (M age = 22.4 years).
As expected, the association between CD and AAB was significantly less for those involved in sports (β = .28; p < .001) compared with those not involved in sports (β = .49; p < .001), χ(2)(1) = 4.13; p = .04. This difference remained after including known covariates of antisocial behavior in the model (age, gender, adoption status), and results were consistent across males and females. Involvement in other extracurricular activities (e.g., student government, plays, clubs) did not significantly moderate the relationship between CD and AAB.
Although selection effects were evident (those with more CD symptoms were less likely to be involved in sports), findings nevertheless suggest high school sports involvement may be a notable factor related to disrupting persistent antisocial behavior beginning in childhood and adolescence and lasting through young adulthood. Implications are discussed.
终生持续的反社会行为表现为从童年期开始出现攻击性行为和反社会行为（品行障碍[CD]），并持续到成年期（成人反社会人格障碍）。本研究旨在在先前研究的基础上，评估参与高中体育运动是否有助于减弱品行障碍与随后的成人反社会行为（AAB）之间的关联。
使用了967名青少年（56%为收养儿童）的前瞻性样本。采用结构化访谈来评估品行障碍（15岁之前的症状）、高中期间参与体育运动的情况以及成年早期过去一年的成人反社会人格障碍症状（平均年龄 = 22.4岁）。
正如预期的那样，与未参与体育运动的人相比，参与体育运动的人品行障碍与成人反社会行为之间的关联显著更小（β = 0.28；p < 0.001），而未参与体育运动的人β = 0.49；p < 0.001，χ(2)(1) = 4.13；p = 0.04。在模型中纳入已知的反社会行为协变量（年龄、性别、收养状况）后，这种差异仍然存在，并且男性和女性的结果一致。参与其他课外活动（例如学生会、戏剧、俱乐部）并未显著调节品行障碍与成人反社会行为之间的关系。
尽管选择效应很明显（品行障碍症状较多的人参与体育运动的可能性较小），但研究结果表明，参与高中体育运动可能是一个值得注意的因素，与破坏从童年期和青春期开始并持续到成年早期的持续反社会行为有关。文中讨论了其意义。
