Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Lab of Quality & Safety and Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2015 Oct 30;297:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.052. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Organophosphorus insecticides have been widely used, which are highly poisonous and cause serious concerns over food safety and environmental pollution. A bacterial strain being capable of degrading O,O-dialkyl phosphorothioate and O,O-dialkyl phosphate insecticides, designated as G1, was isolated from sludge collected at the drain outlet of a chlorpyrifos manufacture plant. Physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis suggested that strain G1 belongs to the genus Stenotrophomonas. At an initial concentration of 50 mg/L, strain G1 degraded 100% of methyl parathion, methyl paraoxon, diazinon, and phoxim, 95% of parathion, 63% of chlorpyrifos, 38% of profenofos, and 34% of triazophos in 24 h. Orthogonal experiments showed that the optimum conditions were an inoculum volume of 20% (v/v), a substrate concentration of 50 mg/L, and an incubation temperature in 40 °C. p-Nitrophenol was detected as the metabolite of methyl parathion, for which intracellular methyl parathion hydrolase was responsible. Strain G1 can efficiently degrade eight organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and is a very excellent candidate for applications in OP pollution remediation.
有机磷杀虫剂被广泛应用，但它们毒性很高，引起了人们对食品安全和环境污染的严重关注。从毒死蜱生产厂排水口采集的污泥中分离到一株能够降解 O,O-二烷基硫代磷酸酯和 O,O-二烷基磷酸酯类杀虫剂的细菌菌株，命名为 G1。生理生化特性和 16S rDNA 基因序列分析表明，菌株 G1 属于寡养单胞菌属。在初始浓度为 50mg/L 时，菌株 G1 在 24 小时内可完全降解甲基对硫磷、甲基对氧磷、二嗪磷和辛硫磷，降解 95%的对硫磷、63%的毒死蜱、38%的丙溴磷和 34%的三唑磷。正交实验表明，最佳条件为接种量 20%（v/v）、底物浓度 50mg/L 和 40°C 孵育温度。检测到 p-硝基苯酚是甲基对硫磷的代谢产物，其由细胞内甲基对硫磷水解酶负责。菌株 G1 能有效降解 8 种有机磷农药（OPs），是 OP 污染修复的理想候选菌株。
