Bosch U, Mirocha C J, Abbas H K, di Menna M
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
Mycopathologia. 1989 Nov;108(2):73-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00436056.
Sixty-two isolates of Fusarium were obtained from pasture grass and soil from various areas of New Zealand and identified as F. anthophilum, F. avenaceum, F. crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. nivale, F. oxysporum, F. sambucinum, F. semitectum, F. tricinctum and an unidentified Fusarium spp. These isolates were grown on autoclaved rice and tested for toxicity to rats in feeding tests. Eighty two percent of the isolates were toxic, of which twenty-four percent were severely toxic and caused hemorrhages of stomach and intestine, hematuria, and finally death. Cultures of the most toxic isolates contained 0.1 to 104 ppm of deoxynivalenol, 0.7 and 7 ppm of 15- and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol respectively, 0.2 to 4 ppm of fusarenon-X, 11 to 1021 ppm zearalenone, 40 to 272 ppm of the hemorrhagic factor (wortmannin), 2,100 to 7,200 ppm of moniliformin, 565 ppm of the cytotoxic factor (HM-8) and enniatin in substantial concentrations. F. sambucinum is reported as a moniliformin producer for the first time.
从新西兰不同地区的牧草和土壤中分离出62株镰刀菌，鉴定为嗜花镰刀菌、燕麦镰刀菌、克鲁克韦镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、雪腐镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、接骨木镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌和一种未鉴定的镰刀菌属。这些分离株在高压灭菌的大米上培养，并在喂养试验中测试对大鼠的毒性。82%的分离株有毒，其中24%剧毒，可导致胃和肠道出血、血尿，最终死亡。毒性最强的分离株培养物中含有0.1至104 ppm的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、分别为0.7和7 ppm的15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、0.2至4 ppm的镰刀菌烯酮-X、11至1021 ppm的玉米赤霉烯酮、40至272 ppm的出血因子（渥曼青霉素）、2100至7200 ppm的串珠镰刀菌素、565 ppm的细胞毒性因子（HM-8）以及大量浓度的恩镰孢菌素。接骨木镰刀菌首次被报道为串珠镰刀菌素的产生菌。
