Xie Zhengxin, Lu Guanghua, Li Sheng, Nie Yang, Ma Binni, Liu Jianchao
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Chemosphere. 2015 Sep;135:146-55. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.031. Epub 2015 May 15.
Sertraline is one of the most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and is frequently detected in the aquatic environment. However, knowledge regarding relationships among molecular or biochemical endpoints involved in modes of action (MOAs) of sertraline and ecologically important behavioral responses of fish is insufficient. The present study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration and possible adverse outcomes pathways (AOPs) in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) exposed to various concentrations of sertraline (4.36, 21.3 and 116 μg L(-1)) for 7 d. Bioconcentration factor values were in the range of 19.5-626 in liver, 6.94-285 in brain, 4.01-146 in gill and 0.625-43.1 in muscle during the entire period of exposure. Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were selected as biochemical endpoints associated with MOAs. Swimming activity, shoaling, feeding rate and food consumption were determined to assess behavioral responses. Fish plasma levels of sertraline exceeding human therapeutic doses were also predicted from external exposure concentrations. Significant enhancements in CAT, GPx, AChE and swimming activities and decreases in shoaling tendency, feeding rate and food consumption were observed when fish plasma levels exceeded human therapeutic thresholds. Shoaling, feeding rate and food consumption were correlated with the activities of SOD, CAT and GST. A significant positive correlation between swimming activity and AChE activity was also observed. As such, our study provides important AOPs linking biochemical responses with ultimate ecologically relevant behavioral endpoints.
舍曲林是最常用的选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂之一，且经常在水生环境中被检测到。然而，关于舍曲林作用模式（MOAs）所涉及的分子或生化终点与鱼类重要生态行为反应之间的关系，目前的了解还不够充分。本研究旨在调查暴露于不同浓度舍曲林（4.36、21.3和116 μg L(-1)）7天的鲫鱼（Carassius auratus）体内的生物富集情况以及可能的不良后果途径（AOPs）。在整个暴露期间，肝脏中的生物富集因子值在19.5 - 626范围内，大脑中为6.94 - 285，鳃中为4.01 - 146，肌肉中为0.625 - 43.1。肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）的活性以及大脑乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性被选为与作用模式相关的生化终点。通过测定游泳活动、集群行为、摄食率和食物消耗量来评估行为反应。还根据外部暴露浓度预测了鱼血浆中超过人类治疗剂量的舍曲林水平。当鱼血浆水平超过人类治疗阈值时，观察到CAT、GPx、AChE活性和游泳活动显著增强，集群倾向、摄食率和食物消耗量降低。集群行为、摄食率和食物消耗量与SOD、CAT和GST的活性相关。还观察到游泳活动与AChE活性之间存在显著正相关。因此，我们的研究提供了将生化反应与最终生态相关行为终点联系起来的重要不良后果途径。
