Lopatek Magdalena, Wieczorek Kinga, Osek Jacek
Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
J Food Prot. 2015 May;78(5):1029-33. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-437.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium recognized as an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans consuming contaminated shellfish. In recent years, increasing resistance to ampicillin and aminoglycosides has been observed among V. parahaemolyticus isolates. However, the first-line antimicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones remained highly effective against these bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus in live bivalve molluscs available on the Polish market and to determine the antimicrobial resistance of the recovered isolates. A total of 400 shellfish samples (mussels, oysters, clams, and scallops) from 2009 to 2012 were tested using the International Organization for Standardization standard 21872-1 method and PCR for the species-specific toxR gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined using a microbroth dilution method. V. parahaemolyticus was identified in 70 (17.5%) of the 400 samples, and the toxR gene was confirmed in 64 (91.4%) of these isolates. Most of the isolates were recovered from clams (31 isolates; 48.4% prevalence) followed by mussels (17 isolates; 26.6% prevalence). More V. parahaemolyticus-positive samples were found between May and September (22.7% prevalence) than between October and April (11.4% prevalence). Antibiotic profiling revealed that most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (56 isolates; 87.5%) and to streptomycin (45 isolates; 70.3%), but all of them were susceptible to tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Forty-one isolates (64.1%) were resistant to two or more antimicrobials; however, only one isolate (1.6%) was resistant to three antimicrobial classes. The antimicrobials used in treatment of human V. parahaemolyticus infection had high efficacy against the bacterial isolates tested. This study is the first concerning antibiotic resistance of V. parahaemolyticus isolates in Poland, and the results obtained indicate that these bacteria may pose a health risk to consumers.
副溶血性弧菌是一种海洋细菌，被认为是食用受污染贝类的人类患肠胃炎的重要病因。近年来，在副溶血性弧菌分离株中观察到对氨苄青霉素和氨基糖苷类药物的耐药性不断增加。然而，四环素和氟喹诺酮等一线抗菌药物对这些细菌仍然高度有效。本研究的目的是评估波兰市场上活双壳贝类软体动物中副溶血性弧菌的存在情况，并确定所分离菌株的抗菌耐药性。使用国际标准化组织标准21872-1方法和针对种特异性toxR基因的PCR对2009年至2012年的400份贝类样本（贻贝、牡蛎、蛤和扇贝）进行了检测。使用微量肉汤稀释法确定分离株的抗菌药敏性。在400份样本中的70份（17.5%）中鉴定出副溶血性弧菌，其中64份（91.4%）分离株的toxR基因得到确认。大多数分离株来自蛤（31株；患病率48.4%），其次是贻贝（17株；患病率26.6%）。5月至9月发现的副溶血性弧菌阳性样本（患病率22.7%）比10月至4月（患病率11.4%）更多。抗生素谱分析显示，大多数分离株对氨苄青霉素（56株；87.5%）和链霉素（45株；70.3%）耐药，但所有分离株对四环素和氯霉素敏感。41株（64.1%）分离株对两种或更多种抗菌药物耐药；然而，只有1株（1.6%）对三类抗菌药物耐药。用于治疗人类副溶血性弧菌感染的抗菌药物对所检测的细菌分离株具有高效性。本研究是波兰首次关于副溶血性弧菌分离株抗生素耐药性的研究，所得结果表明这些细菌可能对消费者构成健康风险。
