Sakakibara Brodie M, Miller William C, Eng Janice J, Routhier François, Backman Catherine L
B.M. Sakakibara, PhD, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and Rehabilitation Research Program, GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
W.C. Miller, PhD, FCAOT, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5 Canada, and Rehabilitation Research Program, GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Phys Ther. 2015 Oct;95(10):1365-73. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20140537. Epub 2015 May 7.
There are no predictive models of wheelchair-use confidence. Therefore, clinicians and researchers are limited in their ability to screen for and identify wheelchair users who may be more prone to low wheelchair-use confidence and may benefit from clinical intervention.
The purpose of this study was to identify health-related, personal, and environmental factors that predict perceived wheelchair-use confidence in community-dwelling adults who use manual wheelchairs.
A cross-sectional study was conducted.
Community-dwelling manual wheelchair users (N=124) were included in the study if they were ≥50 years of age, had ≥6 months of wheelchair use experience, and had no cognitive impairment. The Wheelchair Use Confidence Scale was used to assess wheelchair-use confidence. The sociodemographic information form, Functional Comorbidity Index, Seating Identification Tool, Interpersonal Support and Evaluation List, and Home and Community Environment Instrument captured the independent variables. Blocks of health, personal, and environmental variables were sequentially entered into the regression model.
Five personal variables (age, standardized beta [β]=-0.18; sex, β=-0.26; daily hours of wheelchair occupancy, β=0.20; wheelchair-use training, β=0.20; and wheelchair-use assistance, β=-0.34) and one environmental variable (need for seating intervention, β=-0.18) were statistically significant predictors, explaining 44% of the confidence variance.
The sample comprised volunteers and, therefore, may underrepresent or overrepresent particular groups within the population. The study's cross-sectional research design does not allow for conclusions to be made regarding causality.
Older women who use wheelchairs and who require assistance with wheelchair use may have low wheelchair-use confidence. The same is true for individuals who have no formal wheelchair-use training, who are in need of a seating intervention, and who report few hours of daily wheelchair use. These wheelchair users may require clinical attention and benefit from intervention.
目前尚无轮椅使用信心的预测模型。因此，临床医生和研究人员在筛查和识别可能更容易出现轮椅使用信心低下且可能从临床干预中获益的轮椅使用者方面能力有限。
本研究旨在确定与健康、个人和环境相关的因素，这些因素可预测社区中使用手动轮椅的成年人的轮椅使用信心。
进行了一项横断面研究。
纳入研究的社区居住手动轮椅使用者（N = 124）年龄≥50岁，轮椅使用经验≥6个月，且无认知障碍。使用轮椅使用信心量表评估轮椅使用信心。社会人口统计学信息表、功能合并症指数、座位识别工具、人际支持与评估清单以及家庭和社区环境工具用于获取自变量。将健康、个人和环境变量块依次纳入回归模型。
五个个人变量（年龄，标准化β系数[β]= -0.18；性别，β = -0.26；每天轮椅占用时间，β = 0.20；轮椅使用训练，β = 0.20；以及轮椅使用辅助，β = -0.34）和一个环境变量（座位干预需求，β = -0.18）是具有统计学意义的预测因素，解释了44%的信心方差。
样本由志愿者组成，因此可能无法准确代表总体中的特定群体，或使特定群体被过度或不足代表。该研究的横断面研究设计无法得出关于因果关系的结论。
使用轮椅且在轮椅使用方面需要帮助的老年女性可能轮椅使用信心较低。对于没有接受过正规轮椅使用训练、需要进行座位干预且每天轮椅使用时间较少的个体也是如此。这些轮椅使用者可能需要临床关注并从干预中获益。
