Roivainen Eka
Verve Rehabilitation, PL 404, 90100, Oulu, Finland.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2015 Dec;49(4):590-9. doi: 10.1007/s12124-015-9311-9.
Vocabularies of natural languages evolve over time. Useful words become more popular and useless concepts disappear. In this study, the frequency of the use of 295 English, 100 German, and 114 French personality adjectives in book texts and Twitter messages as qualifiers of the words person, woman, homme, femme, and Person was studied. Word frequency data were compared to factor loadings from previous factor analytic studies on personality terms. The correlation between the popularity of an adjective and its highest primary loading in five- and six-factor models was low (-0.12 to 0.17). The Big five (six) marker adjectives were not more popular than "blended" adjectives that had moderate loadings on several factors. This finding implies that laymen consider "blended" adjectives as equally useful descriptors compared to adjectives that represent core features of the five (six) factors. These results are compatible with three hypotheses: 1) laymen are not good at describing personality, 2) the five (six) factors are artifacts of research methods, 3) the interaction of the five (six) factors is not well understood.
自然语言的词汇会随着时间演变。有用的词汇变得更流行，无用的概念则消失。在本研究中，对295个英语、100个德语和114个法语人格形容词在书籍文本和推特消息中作为“人”“女人”“homme”“femme”及“Person”这些词的修饰语的使用频率进行了研究。词汇频率数据与先前关于人格术语的因素分析研究中的因素载荷进行了比较。在五因素和六因素模型中，形容词的流行程度与其最高主载荷之间的相关性较低（-0.12至0.17）。大五（六）因素的标记形容词并不比在几个因素上具有中等载荷的“混合”形容词更流行。这一发现意味着，与代表五（六）因素核心特征的形容词相比，外行人认为“混合”形容词同样是有用的描述词。这些结果与三个假设相符：1）外行人不擅长描述人格；2）五（六）因素是研究方法的产物；3）对五（六）因素的相互作用了解不足。
