Fentener van Vlissingen J M, Borrens M, Girod A, Lelovas P, Morrison F, Torres Y Saavedra
NVP (Nederlandse Vereniging voor Proefdierkunde), Erasmus Laboratory Animal Science Center EDC, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
BCLAS (Belgian Council for Laboratory Animal Science), Rommel Consulting Partners, Lab Animal Sciences and Medicine, Jodoigne, Belgium.
Lab Anim. 2015 Oct;49(4):267-83. doi: 10.1177/0023677215584249. Epub 2015 May 8.
Observing and reporting clinical signs in laboratory animals is necessary for many reasons: the assessment of animal welfare, compliance with the principle of refinement (e.g. humane endpoints), regulatory compliance (e.g. reporting severity) and, importantly, as a scientific outcome, e.g. in animal models of disease or safety studies. Developments in the reporting of clinical signs will enhance the scientific value gained from animal experiments and further address the ethical cost. This paper discusses systematic approaches to the observation and reporting of clinical signs in animals (to be) used for research. Glossaries from public and corporate institutions have been consulted and a reference glossary has been set up, providing terminology to be tailored for institutional or project-specific use. The clinical examination of animals must be carried out by competent and specifically trained staff in a systematic way and repeated at adequate intervals and clinical observations must be registered effectively to allow this information to be used. The development of institutional or project-specific glossaries and the use of handwritten records or automated databases are discussed in detail. Among the users are animal care staff, veterinarians and researchers who will need to agree on a given set of clinical signs to be monitored routinely or as a scientific read-out and to train for the proper application. The paper introduces a long list of clinical signs with scientific terminology, descriptions and explanations as a reference glossary to be published and maintained online as a living document supported by the authors as an editorial committee.
出于多种原因，观察和报告实验动物的临床体征很有必要：评估动物福利、符合优化原则（如人道终点）、符合监管要求（如报告严重程度），以及重要的是，作为一种科学成果，例如在疾病动物模型或安全性研究中。临床体征报告方面的进展将提高动物实验的科学价值，并进一步解决伦理成本问题。本文讨论了用于研究的动物临床体征观察和报告的系统方法。已参考了公共机构和企业机构的术语表，并建立了一个参考术语表，提供可根据机构或项目具体情况进行调整的术语。动物的临床检查必须由有能力且经过专门培训的人员以系统的方式进行，并在适当的间隔重复进行，临床观察结果必须有效记录，以便使用这些信息。本文详细讨论了机构或项目特定术语表的制定以及手写记录或自动化数据库的使用。使用者包括动物护理人员、兽医和研究人员，他们需要就一组常规监测的或作为科学读数的临床体征达成一致，并进行正确应用的培训。本文介绍了一长串带有科学术语、描述和解释的临床体征，作为一个参考术语表，将作为一份动态文件在线发布并由作为编辑委员会的作者维护。
