Inyang Mandu, Dickenson Eric
Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, Henderson, NV 89015, United States.
Chemosphere. 2015 Sep;134:232-40. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.072. Epub 2015 May 15.
In this work, the potential benefits, economics, and challenges of applying biochar in water treatment operations to remove organic and microbial contaminants was reviewed. Minimizing the use of relatively more expensive traditional sorbents in water treatment is a motivating aspect of biochar production, e.g., $246/ton non-activated biochar to $1500/ton activated carbon. Biochar can remove organic contaminants in water, such as some pesticides (0.02-23 mg g(-1)), pharmaceutical and personal care products (0.001-59 mg g(-1)), dyes (2-104 mg g(-1)), humic acid (60 mg g(-1)), perfluorooctane sulfonate (164 mg g(-1)), and N-nitrosomodimethylamine (3 mg g(-1)). Including adsorption/filtration applications, biochar can potentially be used to inactivate Escherichia coli via disinfection, and transform 95% of 2-chlorobiphenyl via advanced oxidation processes. However, more sorption data using biochar especially at demonstration-scale, for treating potable and reuse water in adsorption/filtration applications will help establish the potential of biochars to serve as surrogates for activated carbons.
在这项工作中，对将生物炭应用于水处理操作以去除有机和微生物污染物的潜在益处、经济性和挑战进行了综述。在水处理中尽量减少使用相对昂贵的传统吸附剂是生物炭生产的一个推动因素，例如，非活化生物炭每吨246美元，而活性炭每吨1500美元。生物炭可以去除水中的有机污染物，如一些农药（0.02 - 23毫克/克）、药品和个人护理产品（0.001 - 59毫克/克）、染料（2 - 104毫克/克）、腐殖酸（60毫克/克）、全氟辛烷磺酸（164毫克/克）和N - 亚硝基二甲胺（3毫克/克）。包括吸附/过滤应用，生物炭有可能通过消毒使大肠杆菌失活，并通过高级氧化过程转化95%的2 - 氯联苯。然而，尤其是在示范规模下，使用生物炭处理饮用水和再生水的吸附/过滤应用的更多吸附数据将有助于确定生物炭作为活性炭替代品的潜力。
