Jasiński Ryszard, Socha Małgorzata, Sitko Ludmiła, Kubicka Katarzyna, Woźniewski Marek, Sobiech Krzysztof A
Department of Physiotherapy in Conservative Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
J Hum Kinet. 2015 Apr 7;45:113-22. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0012. eCollection 2015 Mar 29.
Nordic walking and water aerobics are very popular forms of physical activity in the elderly population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of regular health training on the venous blood flow in lower extremities and body composition in women over 50 years old. Twenty-four women of mean age 57.9 (± 3.43) years, randomly divided into three groups (Nordic walking, water aerobics, and non-training), participated in the study. The training lasted 8 weeks, with one-hour sessions twice a week. Dietary habits were not changed. Before and after training vein refilling time and the function of the venous pump of the lower extremities were measured by photoplethysmography. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance. Eight weeks of Nordic walking training improved the venous blood flow in lower extremities and normalized body composition in the direction of reducing chronic venous disorder risk factors. The average values of the refilling time variable (p = 0.04, p = 0.02, respectively) decreased in both the right and the left leg. After training a statistically significant increase in the venous pump function index was found only in the right leg (p = 0.04). A significant increase in fat-free mass, body cell mass and total body water was observed (p = 0.01), whereas body mass, the body mass index, and body fat decreased (p < 0.03). With regard to water aerobic training, no similar changes in the functions of the venous system or body composition were observed.
越野行走和水中有氧运动在老年人群中是非常受欢迎的体育活动形式。本研究的目的是评估定期健康训练对50岁以上女性下肢静脉血流和身体成分的影响。24名平均年龄为57.9（±3.43）岁的女性被随机分为三组（越野行走组、水中有氧运动组和非训练组）参与了该研究。训练持续8周，每周两次，每次一小时。饮食习惯未改变。训练前后通过光电容积描记法测量下肢静脉充盈时间和静脉泵功能。通过生物电阻抗测定身体成分。八周的越野行走训练改善了下肢静脉血流，并在降低慢性静脉疾病风险因素方面使身体成分正常化。左右腿的充盈时间变量平均值均下降（分别为p = 0.04，p = 0.02）。训练后仅在右腿发现静脉泵功能指数有统计学意义的增加（p = 0.04）。观察到无脂肪质量、身体细胞质量和总体水显著增加（p = 0.01），而体重、体重指数和体脂下降（p < 0.03）。关于水中有氧运动训练，未观察到静脉系统功能或身体成分有类似变化。
