Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2010 Malott Hall, 1251 Wescoe Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66045, United States.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, 4110 Old Main Hill, EL 211D, Logan, UT, 84322-4110, United States.
Water Res. 2015 Aug 1;79:68-78. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.014. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) are common components of epoxy coatings used in food packaging and in drinking water distribution systems. Thus, leachates from the epoxy may be exposed to the disinfectants free chlorine (Cl2/HOCl/OCl(-)) and monochloramine (MCA, NH2Cl). Bisphenols are known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) with estrogenic activity. Chlorination by-products have the potential to have reduced or enhanced estrogenic qualities, and are, therefore, of interest. In this work, chlorination reactions for bisphenols and BADGE were explored (via LC/MS/MS) and kinetic modeling (using a pseudo-first order approach) was conducted to predict the fate of these compounds in drinking water. The half-lives of BPA and BPF with 1 mg/L of free chlorine ranged from 3 to 35 min over the pH range from 6 to 11 and the temperature range of 10-25 °C. Half-lives for reactions of BPA and BPF with a nominal MCA concentration of 3.5 mg/L as Cl2 were from 1 to 10 days and were greater at higher pH and lower temperature. Formation of chlorinated bisphenol A by-products was observed during the kinetic studies. BADGE was found unreactive with either oxidant.
双酚 A（BPA）、双酚 F（BPF）和双酚 A 二缩水甘油醚（BADGE）是用于食品包装和饮用水分配系统的环氧涂料的常见成分。因此，环氧涂料的浸出物可能会暴露于消毒剂游离氯（Cl2/HOCl/OCl(-)）和一氯胺（MCA，NH2Cl）中。双酚类物质是已知的具有雌激素活性的内分泌干扰化学物质（EDC）。氯化副产物有可能具有降低或增强的雌激素特性，因此具有研究意义。在这项工作中，研究了双酚类物质和 BADGE 的氯化反应（通过 LC/MS/MS），并通过准一级方法进行了动力学建模，以预测这些化合物在饮用水中的归宿。在 pH 值范围为 6 至 11 和温度范围为 10 至 25°C 的条件下，1 mg/L 游离氯存在时，BPA 和 BPF 的半衰期范围为 3 至 35 分钟。在以 3.5 mg/L Cl2 计的名义 MCA 浓度下，BPA 和 BPF 反应的半衰期为 1 至 10 天，并且在较高 pH 值和较低温度下更高。在动力学研究中观察到氯化双酚 A 副产物的形成。BADGE 与两种氧化剂均不反应。
