Klein Fabian, Iffland Benjamin, Schindler Sebastian, Wabnitz Pascal, Neuner Frank
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Postbox 100131, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2015 Dec;15(4):736-48. doi: 10.3758/s13415-015-0361-8.
Recent studies have shown that the perceptual processing of human faces is affected by context information, such as previous experiences and information about the person represented by the face. The present study investigated the impact of verbally presented information about the person that varied with respect to affect (neutral, physically threatening, socially threatening) and reference (self-referred, other-referred) on the processing of faces with an inherently neutral expression. Stimuli were presented in a randomized presentation paradigm. Event-related potential (ERP) analysis demonstrated a modulation of the evoked potentials by reference at the EPN (early posterior negativity) and LPP (late positive potential) stage and an enhancing effect of affective valence on the LPP (700-1000 ms) with socially threatening context information leading to the most pronounced LPP amplitudes. We also found an interaction between reference and valence with self-related neutral context information leading to more pronounced LPP than other related neutral context information. Our results indicate an impact of self-reference on early, presumably automatic processing stages and also a strong impact of valence on later stages. Using a randomized presentation paradigm, this study confirms that context information affects the visual processing of faces, ruling out possible confounding factors such as facial configuration or conditional learning effects.
最近的研究表明，人类面部的感知处理会受到背景信息的影响，例如先前的经历以及由面部所代表的人的相关信息。本研究调查了以言语呈现的、在情感（中性、身体威胁性、社会威胁性）和参照（自我参照、他人参照）方面存在差异的关于人的信息，对具有固有中性表情的面部处理的影响。刺激以随机呈现范式呈现。事件相关电位（ERP）分析表明，在EPN（早期后部负波）和LPP（晚期正波）阶段，参照对面诱发电位有调制作用，并且在LPP（700 - 1000毫秒）阶段，情感效价有增强作用，其中社会威胁性背景信息导致最明显的LPP波幅。我们还发现参照和效价之间存在交互作用，自我相关的中性背景信息比他人相关的中性背景信息导致更明显的LPP。我们的结果表明自我参照对早期大概是自动的处理阶段有影响，并且效价对后期阶段也有强烈影响。使用随机呈现范式，本研究证实背景信息会影响面部的视觉处理，排除了诸如面部构型或条件学习效应等可能的混杂因素。
