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为《2015-2030年仙台减少灾害风险框架》重振循证政策:现有国际科学伙伴关系的经验教训

Revitalising Evidence-based Policy for the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030: Lessons from Existing International Science Partnerships.

作者信息

Carabine Elizabeth

机构信息

Climate and Environment Programme, Overseas Development Institute, London, United Kingdom.

出版信息

PLoS Curr. 2015 Apr 23;7:ecurrents.dis.aaab45b2b4106307ae2168a485e03b8a. doi: 10.1371/currents.dis.aaab45b2b4106307ae2168a485e03b8a.

Abstract

The convergence of agreements on disaster risk reduction (DRR), development finance, sustainable development and climate change in 2015 presents a unique opportunity for coherence across these inter-related policy areas. At the same time, demand is growing for a more prominent and effective role for science and technology in providing evidence for policy, with the international community recognising that successful disaster risk reduction (DRR) depends on it. Reflecting this ambition, science is included as a core aspect of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, although the ways in which this will be implemented in practice is still unclear. This paper aims to inform the implementation of international science coordination for DRR by examining a number of existing international science partnerships used across other relevant areas of policy to understand best practice, options for coordination and lessons identified. In the field of DRR, the science-policy interface needs to be strengthened in line with the best practice described in this review. An enhanced UNISDR Scientific and Technical Advisory Group will be given the mandate for to enhance the evidence base for DRR and mobilise science and technical work in coordination with a broad range of stakeholders. The structure and function of an enhanced STAG must be as open, as inclusive and as participatory as possible in order to build trust in new and existing institutions at local, national, regional and global levels. The challenge for the international community is to facilitate evidence-based policy making by formally recognising the links between DRR, development finance, sustainable development and climate change in the upcoming post-2015 agreements.

摘要

2015年,减少灾害风险(DRR)、发展融资、可持续发展和气候变化方面的各项协定交汇,为这些相互关联的政策领域实现协调一致提供了独特机遇。与此同时,对于科学技术在为政策提供证据方面发挥更突出、更有效作用的需求日益增长,国际社会认识到成功的减少灾害风险(DRR)依赖于此。体现这一抱负的是,科学被纳入《2015-2030年仙台减少灾害风险框架》的核心内容,尽管其在实践中的实施方式仍不明确。本文旨在通过审视若干现有的跨其他相关政策领域使用的国际科学伙伴关系,了解最佳做法、协调选项和经验教训,为减少灾害风险的国际科学协调实施提供信息。在减少灾害风险领域,需要按照本综述所述的最佳做法加强科学与政策的接口。一个强化后的联合国减少灾害风险科学和技术咨询小组将被赋予增强减少灾害风险证据基础以及与广泛利益攸关方协调开展科学技术工作的任务。强化后的科学和技术咨询小组的结构和职能必须尽可能开放、包容和具有参与性,以便在地方、国家、区域和全球各级建立对新老机构的信任。国际社会面临的挑战是,在即将到来的2015年后协定中正式承认减少灾害风险、发展融资、可持续发展和气候变化之间的联系,以促进基于证据的政策制定。

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