From the University of Maryland (KSM, BF, MT), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (MSC), Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research (VHC-C), and Behavioral Health System Baltimore (MT), Baltimore, MD.
J Addict Med. 2015 Jul-Aug;9(4):266-72. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000128.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are a relatively recent phenomenon, serving dual roles as an alternative vehicle for nicotine delivery and a smoking-cessation tool. The purpose of this study was to determine pregnant women's knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding electronic cigarettes.
A voluntary, anonymous survey was distributed to a convenience sample of pregnant women presenting to a university-based outpatient clinic. After survey completion, participants received information about smoking cessation and e-cigarettes. Data were examined using χ² and Fisher exact tests and analysis of variance. Stata was used for the analysis.
Of the 326 surveys distributed, 316 were completed (97%). Of the 316 participants, 42 (13%) reported having ever used e-cigarettes. Only 2 (0.6%) reported current daily use. Ever users were slightly older (27.3 years vs 25.4 years; P = 0.007) and more likely to be current smokers (43% vs. 14%; P < 0.001) compared with women who had never used electronic cigarettes. Knowledge of the harms of smoking was similar between the 2 groups. Overall, 57% of all respondents believed that e-cigarettes contain nicotine, 61% that e-cigarettes can be addictive, and 43% that e-cigarettes are less harmful to a fetus than traditional cigarettes. Among ever users, the most common reasons given for the use of e-cigarettes were the perception of less harm than traditional cigarettes (74%) and help with smoking cessation (72%).
Misconceptions about e-cigarettes are common among pregnant women, potentially motivating use that may pose risks to both maternal and child health. Screening and education regarding e-cigarettes should be included in prenatal care. Future research in this area is necessary, including research examining pregnancy outcomes among women who use e-cigarettes.
电子烟是一种相对较新的现象，兼具尼古丁输送替代物和戒烟工具的双重作用。本研究旨在确定孕妇对电子烟的知识、态度和实践。
对在一所大学门诊就诊的便利样本孕妇进行自愿、匿名调查。调查完成后，参与者会收到有关戒烟和电子烟的信息。使用 χ² 和 Fisher 确切检验和方差分析检查数据。使用 Stata 进行分析。
在发放的 326 份调查中，完成了 316 份（97%）。在 316 名参与者中，有 42 名（13%）报告曾经使用过电子烟。只有 2 名（0.6%）报告目前每天使用。曾经使用者的年龄稍大（27.3 岁比 25.4 岁；P = 0.007），更有可能是当前吸烟者（43%比 14%；P < 0.001），与从未使用过电子烟的女性相比。两组对吸烟危害的认识相似。总体而言，57%的受访者认为电子烟含有尼古丁，61%认为电子烟会上瘾，43%认为电子烟对胎儿的危害小于传统香烟。在曾经使用者中，使用电子烟的最常见原因是认为电子烟的危害小于传统香烟（74%）和帮助戒烟（72%）。
孕妇对电子烟的误解很常见，这可能促使孕妇使用电子烟，这可能对母婴健康构成风险。应在产前护理中纳入对电子烟的筛查和教育。在这一领域需要进行未来的研究，包括研究使用电子烟的女性的妊娠结局。
