Block Johanna, Schroeder Viktor, Pawelzyk Paul, Willenbacher Norbert, Köster Sarah
Institut für Röntgenphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Institut für Röntgenphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Göttingen, Germany.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Nov;1853(11 Pt B):3053-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.009. Epub 2015 May 12.
Intermediate filaments (IFs) constitute a sophisticated filament system in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes. They form bundles and networks with adapted viscoelastic properties and are strongly interconnected with the other filament types, microfilaments and microtubules. IFs are cell type specific and apart from biochemical functions, they act as mechanical entities to provide stability and resilience to cells and tissues. We review the physical properties of these abundant structural proteins including both in vitro studies and cell experiments. IFs are hierarchical structures and their physical properties seem to a large part be encoded in the very specific architecture of the biopolymers. Thus, we begin our review by presenting the assembly mechanism, followed by the mechanical properties of individual filaments, network and structure formation due to electrostatic interactions, and eventually the mechanics of in vitro and cellular networks. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mechanobiology.
中间丝（IFs）在真核生物的细胞质中构成了一个复杂的丝状系统。它们形成具有适应性粘弹性特性的束和网络，并与其他丝状类型（微丝和微管）紧密相连。中间丝具有细胞类型特异性，除了生化功能外，它们还作为机械实体为细胞和组织提供稳定性和弹性。我们综述了这些丰富的结构蛋白的物理性质，包括体外研究和细胞实验。中间丝是分层结构，其物理性质似乎在很大程度上由生物聚合物非常特殊的结构所编码。因此，我们首先介绍组装机制，接着是单根丝的力学性质、由于静电相互作用导致的网络和结构形成，最后是体外和细胞网络的力学。本文是名为《力学生物学》的特刊的一部分。
