Xu Jianteng, Su Xiaoyu, Lim Soyoung, Griffin Jason, Carey Edward, Katz Benjamin, Tomich John, Smith J Scott, Wang Weiqun
Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
Department of Horticulture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
Food Chem. 2015 Nov 1;186:90-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.123. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
Purple-fleshed sweet potato P40 has been shown to prevent colorectal cancer in a murine model. This study is to identify anthocyanins by using HPLC/MS-MS and assess the stability during various cooking conditions. P40 possesses a high content of anthocyanins up to 14 mg/g dry matter. Total 12 acylated anthocyanins are identified. Top three anthocyanins, e.g., cyanidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, peonidin 3-caffeoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, and cyanidin 3-(6"-caffeoyl-6"-feruloylsophoroside)-5-glucoside, account for half of the anthocyanin contents. Over 80% of anthocyanins measured by acid hydrolysis were cyanidin derivatives, indicating P40 is unique when compared with other purple-fleshed sweet potatoes that usually contain more peonidin than cyanidin. Steaming, pressure cooking, microwaving, and frying but not baking significantly reduced 8-16% of total anthocyanin contents. Mono-acylated anthocyanins showed a higher resistance against heat than di- and non-acylated. Among of which, cyanidin 3-p-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside-5-glucoside exhibited the best thermal stability. The stable acylated and cyanidin-predominated anthocyanins in P40 may provide extra benefits for cancer prevention.
紫肉甘薯P40已被证明在小鼠模型中可预防结直肠癌。本研究旨在通过高效液相色谱/串联质谱法鉴定花青素，并评估其在各种烹饪条件下的稳定性。P40的花青素含量很高，高达14毫克/克干物质。共鉴定出12种酰化花青素。含量最高的三种花青素，即矢车菊素3-咖啡酰-对羟基苯甲酰槐糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷、芍药素3-咖啡酰槐糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素3-(6″-咖啡酰-6″-阿魏酰槐糖苷)-5-葡萄糖苷，占花青素含量的一半。通过酸水解测定，超过80%的花青素是矢车菊素衍生物，这表明与其他通常含有更多芍药素而非矢车菊素的紫肉甘薯相比，P40具有独特性。蒸、高压锅煮、微波加热和油炸（但不包括烘焙）会使总花青素含量显著降低8-16%。单酰化花青素比二酰化和非酰化花青素表现出更高的耐热性。其中，矢车菊素3-对羟基苯甲酰槐糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷表现出最佳的热稳定性。P40中稳定的酰化和以矢车菊素为主的花青素可能为癌症预防提供额外益处。
