Kiyamu Melisa, León-Velarde Fabiola, Rivera-Chira María, Elías Gianpietro, Brutsaert Tom D
1 Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia , Urb. San Martín de Porres, Peru .
2 Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York.
High Alt Med Biol. 2015 Jun;16(2):138-46. doi: 10.1089/ham.2014.1126. Epub 2015 May 15.
Kiyamu, Melisa, Fabiola León-Velarde, María Rivera-Chira, Gianpietro Elías, and Tom D. Brutsaert. Developmental effects determine submaximal arterial oxygen saturation in Peruvian Quechua. High Alt Med Biol 16, 138-146, 2015.--Andean high altitude natives show higher arterial oxygen saturation (Sao(2)) during exercise in hypoxia, compared to acclimatized sojourners. In order to evaluate the effects of life-long exposure to high altitude on Sao(2), we studied two groups of well-matched, self-identified Peruvian Quechua natives who differed in their developmental exposure to hypoxia before and after a 2-month training period. Male and female volunteers (18-35 years) were recruited in Lima, Peru (150 m). The two groups were: a) Individuals who were born and raised at sea-level (BSL, n=34) and b) Individuals who were born and raised at high altitude (BHA, n=32), but who migrated to sea-level as adults (>16 years old). Exercise testing was conducted using a submaximal exercise protocol in normobaric hypoxia in Lima (BP=750 mmHg, Fio(2)=0.12), in order to measure Sao(2) (%), ventilation (VE L/min) and oxygen consumption (Vo(2), L/min). Repeated-measures ANOVA, controlling for VE/VO(2) (L/min) and sex during the submaximal protocol showed that BHA maintained higher Sao(2) (%) compared to BSL at all workloads before (p=0.005) and after training (p=0.017). As expected, both groups showed a decrease in Sao(2) (%) (p<0.001), as workload increased. Resting Sao(2) levels were not found to be different between groups. The results suggest that developmental exposure to altitude contributes to the maintenance of higher Sao(2) levels during submaximal exercise at hypoxia.
基亚穆、梅利莎、法比奥拉·莱昂 - 贝拉尔代、玛丽亚·里韦拉 - 奇拉、詹皮耶特罗·埃利亚斯和汤姆·D·布鲁特萨特。发育效应决定了秘鲁克丘亚人的次极量动脉血氧饱和度。《高海拔医学与生物学》16卷，第138 - 146页，2015年。——与适应环境的旅居者相比，安第斯高海拔原住民在低氧环境下运动时表现出更高的动脉血氧饱和度（Sao₂）。为了评估长期暴露于高海拔对Sao₂的影响，我们研究了两组匹配良好、自我认定为秘鲁克丘亚人的原住民，他们在为期2个月的训练前后发育过程中暴露于低氧环境的情况有所不同。男性和女性志愿者（18 - 35岁）在秘鲁利马（海拔150米）招募。两组分别是：a）在海平面出生并长大的个体（BSL，n = 34）和b）在高海拔出生并长大（BHA，n = 32）但成年后（>16岁）迁移到海平面的个体。在利马的常压低氧环境下（BP = 750 mmHg，Fio₂ = 0.12）使用次极量运动方案进行运动测试，以测量Sao₂（%）、通气量（VE L/min）和耗氧量（Vo₂，L/min）。在次极量方案期间，对VE/VO₂（L/min）和性别进行控制的重复测量方差分析表明，在训练前（p = 0.005）和训练后（p = 0.017）的所有工作量下，BHA的Sao₂（%）均高于BSL。正如预期的那样，随着工作量增加，两组的Sao₂（%）均下降（p < 0.001）。未发现两组之间的静息Sao₂水平存在差异。结果表明，发育过程中暴露于高海拔有助于在低氧环境下次极量运动期间维持较高的Sao₂水平。
