Li LianZhen, Wu Huifeng, Ji Chenglong, van Gestel Cornelis A M, Allen Herbert E, Peijnenburg Willie J G M
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, no.17, Chunhui Road, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, no.17, Chunhui Road, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2015 Sep;119:66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.005. Epub 2015 May 14.
We examined the short-term toxicity of AgNPs and AgNO3 to Daphnia magna at sublethal levels using (1)H NMR-based metabolomics. Two sizes of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNPs (10 and 40nm) were synthesized and characterized and their Ag(+) release was studied using centrifugal ultrafiltration and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariate statistical analysis of the (1)H NMR spectra showed significant changes in the D. magna metabolic profiles following 48h exposure to both AgNP particle sizes and Ag(+) exposure. Most of the metabolic biomarkers for AgNP exposure, including 3-hydroxybutyrate, arginine, lysine and phosphocholine, were identical to those of the Ag(+)-exposed groups, suggesting that the dominant effects of both AgNPs were due to released Ag(+). The observed metabolic changes implied that the released Ag(+) induced disturbance in energy metabolism and oxidative stress, a proposed mechanism of AgNP toxicity. Elevated levels of lactate in all AgNP-treated but not in Ag(+)-treated groups provided evidence for Ag-NP enhanced anaerobic metabolism. These findings show that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics provides a sensitive measure of D. magna response to AgNPs and that further targeted assays are needed to elucidate mechanisms of action of nanoparticle-induced toxicity.
我们使用基于¹H NMR的代谢组学方法，在亚致死水平下研究了纳米银颗粒（AgNPs）和硝酸银（AgNO₃）对大型溞的短期毒性。合成并表征了两种尺寸的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮包覆的AgNPs（10纳米和40纳米），并使用离心超滤和电感耦合等离子体质谱法研究了它们的银离子（Ag⁺）释放情况。对¹H NMR光谱进行多变量统计分析后发现，在暴露于两种尺寸的AgNP颗粒和Ag⁺ 48小时后，大型溞的代谢谱发生了显著变化。大多数AgNP暴露的代谢生物标志物，包括3-羟基丁酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸和磷酸胆碱，与Ag⁺ 暴露组的相同，这表明两种AgNPs的主要作用都是由于释放出的Ag⁺ 。观察到的代谢变化表明，释放出的Ag⁺ 会引起能量代谢和氧化应激紊乱，这是一种关于AgNP毒性的推测机制。所有AgNP处理组中乳酸水平升高，而Ag⁺ 处理组中未升高，这为AgNP增强无氧代谢提供了证据。这些研究结果表明，基于¹H NMR的代谢组学为大型溞对AgNPs的反应提供了一种灵敏的测量方法，并且需要进一步进行靶向分析以阐明纳米颗粒诱导毒性的作用机制。
