Nielsen G D, Yamagiwa M
Danish National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen.
Chem Biol Interact. 1989;71(2-3):223-44. doi: 10.1016/0009-2797(89)90037-9.
Sensory irritation due to inhalation of diethyl-, triethyl-, dibutyl-, tributyl- and cyclohexylamine was estimated from the decrease in respiratory rate in normal mice (American Standard Method E981-84). The concentration-effect relations followed Michaelis-Menten equations, except for diethylamine, for which a threshold was found. The concentrations depressing the respiratory rate by 50% (RD50) for diethyl-, triethyl-, dibutyl- and cyclohexylamine were 184, 186, 81 and 27 ppm, respectively. For tributylamine the maximum response was too low to achieve a RD50 value. Pulmonary irritation was estimated from the decrease in respiratory rate in tracheal-cannulated mice. The respective concentrations depressing the respiratory rate by 50% (tRD50) were 549, 691, 101, 96 and 78 ppm for diethyl-, triethyl-, dibutyl-, tributyl- and cyclohexylamine. Only minor or no effects on the tidal volumes were found at the lower exposure concentrations. The trigeminal and pulmonary receptors are believed to be activated directly by the amines, and the receptor environments are believed to be lipophilic. Structure-activity analysis was made by comparing the effects of the amines with the effects of previously investigated primary n-alkylamines. Occupational exposure limits (TLV) were estimated for both effects. Finally, the sensory irritation effect was found to be an important part of the odour sensation, also below the TLVs.
通过正常小鼠呼吸速率的降低来估算吸入二乙胺、三乙胺、二丁胺、三丁胺和环己胺引起的感觉刺激（美国标准方法E981 - 84）。除二乙胺外，浓度 - 效应关系符合米氏方程，二乙胺存在一个阈值。二乙胺、三乙胺、二丁胺和环己胺使呼吸速率降低50%（RD50）的浓度分别为184、186、81和27 ppm。对于三丁胺，最大反应过低，无法得出RD50值。通过气管插管小鼠呼吸速率的降低来估算肺部刺激。二乙胺、三乙胺、二丁胺、三丁胺和环己胺使呼吸速率降低50%（tRD50）的相应浓度分别为549、691、101、96和78 ppm。在较低暴露浓度下，仅发现对潮气量有轻微影响或无影响。三叉神经和肺部受体被认为直接被胺类激活，并且受体环境被认为是亲脂性的。通过比较这些胺类与先前研究的伯正烷基胺的作用进行结构 - 活性分析。对两种作用都估算了职业接触限值（TLV）。最后，发现感觉刺激效应也是气味感觉的重要组成部分，即使在TLV以下也是如此。
