Addington Caroline P, Roussas Adam, Dutta Dipankar, Stabenfeldt Sarah E
School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Biomark Insights. 2015 May 12;10(Suppl 1):43-60. doi: 10.4137/BMI.S20062. eCollection 2015.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects 5.3 million Americans annually. Despite the many long-term deficits associated with TBI, there currently are no clinically available therapies that directly address the underlying pathologies contributing to these deficits. Preclinical studies have investigated various therapeutic approaches for TBI: two such approaches are stem cell transplantation and delivery of bioactive factors to mitigate the biochemical insult affiliated with TBI. However, success with either of these approaches has been limited largely due to the complexity of the injury microenvironment. As such, this review outlines the many factors of the injury microenvironment that mediate endogenous neural regeneration after TBI and the corresponding bioengineering approaches that harness these inherent signaling mechanisms to further amplify regenerative efforts.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）每年影响530万美国人。尽管与TBI相关的长期缺陷众多，但目前尚无临床可用的疗法能直接解决导致这些缺陷的潜在病理问题。临床前研究已经对TBI的各种治疗方法进行了研究：其中两种方法是干细胞移植和递送生物活性因子以减轻与TBI相关的生化损伤。然而，这些方法中的任何一种取得的成功都很有限，主要是由于损伤微环境的复杂性。因此，本综述概述了损伤微环境中介导TBI后内源性神经再生的诸多因素，以及利用这些内在信号机制进一步扩大再生作用的相应生物工程方法。
