某城市幼儿园的声压级
Sound pressure level in a municipal preschool.
作者信息
Kemp Adriana Aparecida Tahara, Delecrode Camila Ribas, Guida Heraldo Lorena, Ribeiro André Knap, Cardoso Ana Claúdia Vieira
机构信息
Speech Therapist. Graduated from São Paulo State University - UNESP - Marília / SP, Brazil.
Speech Therapist. Post-graduate student of the Human Communication Disorders Program - Master level at São Paulo State University - UNESP - Marília / SP, Brazil.
出版信息
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Apr;17(2):196-201. doi: 10.7162/S1809-97772013000200013.
AIM
To evaluate the sound pressure level to which preschool students are exposed.
METHOD
This was a prospective, quantitative, nonexperimental, and descriptive study. To achieve the aim of the study we used an audio dosimeter. The sound pressure level (SPL) measurements were obtained for 2 age based classrooms. Preschool I and II. The measurements were obtained over 4 days in 8-hour sessions, totaling 1920 minutes.
RESULTS
Compared with established standards, the SPL measured ranged from 40.6 dB (A) to 105.8 dB (A). The frequency spectrum of the SPL was concentrated in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 4000 Hz. The older children produced higher SPLs than the younger ones, and the levels varied according to the activity performed. Painting and writing were the quietest activities, while free activities period and games were the noisiest.
CONCLUSION
The SPLs measured at the preschool were higher and exceeded the maximum permitted level according to the reference standards. Therefore, the implementation of actions that aim to minimize the negative impact of noise in this environment is essential.
目的
评估学龄前儿童所接触的声压级。
方法
这是一项前瞻性、定量、非实验性的描述性研究。为实现研究目的，我们使用了一台音频剂量计。针对两个基于年龄划分的教室，即学前班I和学前班II，获取了声压级（SPL）测量值。测量在4天内进行，每次8小时，总计1920分钟。
结果
与既定标准相比，测得的声压级范围为40.6分贝（A）至105.8分贝（A）。声压级的频谱集中在500赫兹至4000赫兹的频率范围内。年龄较大的儿童产生的声压级高于年龄较小的儿童，并且声压级水平根据所进行的活动而有所不同。绘画和书写是最安静的活动，而自由活动时段和游戏是最吵闹的。
结论
在学前班测得的声压级较高，超过了参考标准所允许的最大水平。因此，实施旨在尽量减少该环境中噪音负面影响的行动至关重要。
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