Wilhelm Barbara, Bittner Evelyn, Hofmann Anna, Koerner Andreas, Peters Tobias, Lüdtke Holger, Wilhelm Helmut
Pupil Research Group, Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany.
Am J Hum Biol. 2015 Nov-Dec;27(6):862-6. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.22726. Epub 2015 May 20.
The pupillographic sleepiness test (PST) measures the amplitude of the fluctuations of pupil size in the dark, which reflects the level of central nervous system activation and thus alertness. The aim of this study was to assess the short-term reproducibility and variability of the results obtained with the PST in normal healthy subjects.
The PST was measured at 9.00, 11:00, and 13:00 h on three consecutive days in 13 young adults. Subjective sleepiness was assessed with the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) and with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The intra-class correlation (ICC), a measure of reproducibility and the intra- and inter-individual variability, was calculated.
ANOVA analysis of the data revealed no significant differences in the PST measurements for testing day. Time of day and subject did however significantly affect the results with an ICC 73.1%. For the SSS and VAS, the ICC was 38.8% and 45.9%, respectively. The intra- and inter-individual variability in PST results did not differ considerably between time and days.
We conclude that recordings of the PST have a good reproducibility and low intra- and inter-individual variability compared to subjective scales of sleepiness or the Multiple Sleep Latency Test. The PST is thus a viable method to measure daytime sleepiness objectively.
瞳孔描记法嗜睡测试（PST）测量黑暗环境中瞳孔大小波动的幅度，该幅度反映中枢神经系统激活水平，进而反映警觉性。本研究的目的是评估正常健康受试者中PST结果的短期可重复性和变异性。
对13名年轻成年人连续三天在上午9点、11点和13点进行PST测量。使用斯坦福嗜睡量表（SSS）和视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估主观嗜睡程度。计算组内相关性（ICC），这是一种衡量可重复性以及个体内和个体间变异性的指标。
对数据进行方差分析显示，测试日的PST测量结果无显著差异。然而，一天中的时间和受试者确实对结果有显著影响，ICC为73.1%。对于SSS和VAS，ICC分别为38.8%和45.9%。PST结果的个体内和个体间变异性在不同时间和日期之间差异不大。
我们得出结论，与主观嗜睡量表或多次睡眠潜伏期测试相比，PST记录具有良好的可重复性以及较低的个体内和个体间变异性。因此，PST是一种客观测量白天嗜睡程度的可行方法。
