Winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea gigas).

A Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated TYO-19(T), was isolated from an oyster collected from the South Sea in South Korea, and was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Strain TYO-19(T) grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0-8.0 and in the presence of 1.0-2.0% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TYO-19(T) belonged to the genus Winogradskyella, clustering coherently with the type strain of Winogradskyella epiphytica. Strain TYO-19(T) exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 99.7% to W. epiphytica KMM 3906(T) and 94.2-96.9% to the type strains of other species of the genus Winogradskyella. Strain TYO-19(T) contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain TYO-19(T) were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.0 mol% and the mean DNA-DNA relatedness value with the type strain of W. epiphytica was 59 ± 4.3%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain TYO-19(T) is separated from recognized species of the genus Winogradskyella. On the basis of the data presented, strain TYO-19(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella, for which the name Winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TYO-19(T) ( = KCTC 42462(T) = NBRC 110924(T)).