Winogradskyella litoriviva sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater.

A Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, moderately halophilic and gliding bacterium, designated KMM 6491T, was isolated from coastal seawater collected from Troitsa Bay, the Sea of Japan. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KMM 6491T was a member of the genus Winogradskyella, with 94.5–97.9 % sequence similarity to recognized species of the genus Winogradskyella. The DNA G+C content of strain KMM 6491T was 31.3 mol% and DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of Winogradskyella echinorum, Winogradskyella damuponensis, Winogradskyella eximia and Winogradskyella pulchriflava were in range of 10–26 %. Strain KMM 6491T contained menaquinone 6 (MK-6) as the single quinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c) anteiso-C15 : 0, as the prevalent fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain KMM 6491T were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids and two unknown lipids. Strain KMM 6491T was able to grow with 0.5–7 % NaCl and at 4–34 °C. The novel strain decomposed gelatin and starch and produced acid from d-glucose, maltose, mannose, rhamnose, sucrose, fructose and glycerol. On the basis of the results of the phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses it is suggested that strain KMM 6491T represents a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella, for which the name Winogradskyella litoriviva sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMM 6491T ( = KCTC 23972T = LMG 26984T).