Baines K J, Backer V, Gibson P G, Powell H, Porsbjerg C M
Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia.
Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Nov;69(11):1262-6. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.85. Epub 2015 May 27.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Preservation of lung health requires understanding the modifiable risk factors of airflow limitation. This study investigates the association between diet and lung function in a population of Greenland Inuit residing in the Arctic (Greenland) or Western Europe (Denmark).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Two unselected Inuit populations were recruited, one living in Greenland (Urban (Nuuk) n=358; Rural (Uummannaq) n=207) and the other in Denmark (n=539). Lung function was measured using spirometry and diet by a food frequency questionnaire. Factors associated with airflow limitation were assessed using multiple linear regression models.
The dietary composition differed significantly in the two regions, with higher whale, seal and wild meat intake and lower fruit and vegetable intake in the Arctic regions compared with Denmark. Consumption of vegetables (P=0.004) and whale and/or seal (P<0.0001) was significantly and positively associated with FEV1, as well as with FVC (vegetables: P=0.001, whale and/or seal: P=0.002). Regular fruit intake was included in the statistical models; however, it did not reach statistical significance (FEV1: P=0.053; FVC: P=0.055).
High dietary intake of vegetables as well as intake of arctic marine mammals had independent positive associations with lung function in this cohort of Greenlandic Inuit. These findings suggest an additive role of dietary intake of antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids in lung health, which warrants prospective evaluation.
背景/目的：维护肺部健康需要了解气流受限的可改变风险因素。本研究调查了居住在北极地区（格陵兰）或西欧（丹麦）的格陵兰因纽特人群中饮食与肺功能之间的关联。
受试者/方法：招募了两个未经选择的因纽特人群，一组居住在格陵兰（城市（努克）n = 358；农村（乌马纳克）n = 207），另一组居住在丹麦（n = 539）。使用肺活量测定法测量肺功能，并通过食物频率问卷评估饮食情况。使用多元线性回归模型评估与气流受限相关的因素。
两个地区的饮食组成存在显著差异，与丹麦相比，北极地区鲸、海豹和野生动物肉的摄入量更高，而水果和蔬菜的摄入量更低。蔬菜摄入量（P = 0.004）以及鲸和/或海豹摄入量（P < 0.0001）与第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）以及用力肺活量（FVC）均呈显著正相关（蔬菜：P = 0.001，鲸和/或海豹：P = 0.002）。统计模型纳入了常规水果摄入量；然而，其未达到统计学显著性（FEV1：P = 0.053；FVC：P = 0.055）。
在这一队列的格陵兰因纽特人中，高蔬菜饮食摄入量以及北极海洋哺乳动物摄入量与肺功能呈独立正相关。这些发现表明饮食中抗氧化剂和不饱和脂肪酸的摄入在肺部健康中具有累加作用，这值得进行前瞻性评估。
