Centre for Public Health in Greenland, National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Institute for Nursing and Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuussuaq, Greenland.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2024 Dec;83(1):2332008. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2332008. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Since 1993, dietary assessment has been carried out in Greenland as part of recurrent population health surveys. In preparation for the next survey in 2024, 91 participants from the survey in 2018 were selected for a validation study of the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The 91 participants were reinterviewed 38-50 months after the first FFQ and invited to complete a food diary. As part of the 2018 survey, blood was analysed for mercury. The food diary was completed by 65 participants. The agreement between the two FFQ interviews was very good for macronutrients and fatty acids ( > 0.20), whereas the calculated intake of mercury was 22% higher in the second FFQ ( = 0.04) due to a higher intake of whale meat and muktuk (whale skin). The agreement between the second FFQ and the food diary was good for local food, imported meat and cakes/sweets/snacks but fruit and vegetables, dairy products, beverages and added sugar were significantly underreported in the food diary. Food items not included in the FFQ were identified from the food diaries. The correlation between the intake of marine mammals and blood mercury was moderate (Spearman's rho = 0.41-0.50; < 0.0001). The results will inspire future dietary studies in the circumpolar North.
自 1993 年以来，格陵兰一直在进行饮食评估，作为周期性人口健康调查的一部分。为筹备 2024 年的下一次调查，从 2018 年的调查中选择了 91 名参与者，对食物频率问卷（FFQ）进行验证研究。这 91 名参与者在首次 FFQ 后 38-50 个月接受了重新访谈，并邀请他们完成一份食物日记。作为 2018 年调查的一部分，对血液中的汞进行了分析。有 65 名参与者完成了食物日记。两次 FFQ 访谈之间的宏量营养素和脂肪酸的一致性非常好（ > 0.20），而由于食用更多的鲸肉和 muktuk（鲸皮），第二次 FFQ 计算的汞摄入量高出 22%（ = 0.04）。第二次 FFQ 与食物日记之间对当地食物、进口肉类和蛋糕/糖果/小吃的一致性较好，但水果和蔬菜、乳制品、饮料和添加糖在食物日记中明显少报。食物日记中确定了 FFQ 中未包括的食物项目。食用海洋哺乳动物与血液中汞含量之间的相关性为中度（Spearman's rho = 0.41-0.50； < 0.0001）。这些结果将为环北极地区未来的饮食研究提供启示。
