Zhang J F, Hu Z P, Lu C H, Yang M X, Zhang L L, Wang T
J Anim Sci. 2015 Apr;93(4):1656-65. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-8244.
A total of 400 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were raised at a recommended environmental temperature from d 1 to 20 (experimental day [ED] = ED1 to ED20). On ED21, the chicks were weighed and reallocated into 5 treatment groups, with 8 replicates of 10 birds each. The 5 treatment groups were as follows: the control group, in which chicks were housed at 22 ± 1°C and fed the basal diet, and the HS, HS-CUR50, HS-CUR100, and HS-CUR200 groups, in which chicks were housed at 34 ± 1°C for 8 h (0900-1700 h) and 22 ± 1°C for the rest time and fed the basal diet with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg curcumin, respectively. From ED21 to ED42, the heat treatment lasted for 20 consecutive days. The results showed that heat-stressed broilers had greater (P < 0.05) average head surface and rectal temperature on ED21 and ED42 than the non-heat-stressed broilers. Diets supplied with 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin increased (P < 0.05) the G:F compared to the heat-stressed groups. Mitochondrial malondialdehyde levels, an index of lipid peroxidation, in the breast muscle were 15.15 and 9.09% higher (P < 0.05) in 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin supplemented groups than that of the heat-stressed group, respectively. Curcumin supplementation (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) increased (P < 0.05) mitochondrial glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and manganese superoxide dismutase activities compared to heat-stressed broilers. Curcumin supplementation (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) of heat shock protein 70 mRNA levels in the breast muscle. The breast muscle mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and nuclear respiratory factor 1 and 2 in heat-stressed groups was increased (P < 0.05) in response to dietary 100 mg/kg curcumin treatment. Additionally, when compared to the heat-stressed group, mitochondrial transcription factor A mRNA levels were increased (P < 0.05) by 17.64% in the 200 mg/kg curcumin supplemented group. In conclusion, dietary curcumin supplementation prevented heat-stress-impaired growth performance, possibly through improving the antioxidant defense system and enhancing the mitochondrial biogenesis.
总共400只1日龄的艾拔益加肉鸡雏鸡在推荐的环境温度下从第1天饲养至第20天（实验日[ED]=ED1至ED20）。在ED21时，对雏鸡进行称重并重新分配到5个处理组，每组10只鸡，共8个重复。5个处理组如下：对照组，雏鸡饲养在22±1°C环境中并饲喂基础日粮；热应激组（HS）、50mg/kg姜黄素添加热应激组（HS-CUR50）、100mg/kg姜黄素添加热应激组（HS-CUR100）和200mg/kg姜黄素添加热应激组（HS-CUR200），这些组的雏鸡在34±1°C环境中饲养8小时（09:00 - 17:00），其余时间饲养在22±1°C环境中，并分别饲喂添加0、50、100和200mg/kg姜黄素的基础日粮。从ED21至ED42，热处理持续20天。结果表明，在ED21和ED42时，热应激肉鸡的平均头部表面温度和直肠温度显著高于（P<0.05）非热应激肉鸡。与热应激组相比，添加50和100mg/kg姜黄素的日粮提高了（P<0.05）料重比（G:F）。胸肌中作为脂质过氧化指标的线粒体丙二醛水平，在添加50和100mg/kg姜黄素的组中分别比热应激组高15.15%和9.09%（P<0.05）。与热应激肉鸡相比，添加姜黄素（50、100和200mg/kg）提高了（P<0.05）线粒体谷胱甘肽含量以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和锰超氧化物歧化酶的活性。添加姜黄素（50、100和200mg/kg）使胸肌中热休克蛋白70 mRNA水平降低（P<0.05）。在热应激组中，日粮添加100mg/kg姜黄素处理后，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α以及核呼吸因子1和2的胸肌mRNA表达增加（P<0.05）。此外，与热应激组相比，添加200mg/kg姜黄素组的线粒体转录因子A mRNA水平提高了17.64%（P<0.05）。总之，日粮添加姜黄素可预防热应激导致的生长性能受损，可能是通过改善抗氧化防御系统和增强线粒体生物合成来实现的。
