Tsubokura Masaharu, Kato Shigeaki, Morita Tomohiro, Nomura Shuhei, Kami Masahiro, Sakaihara Kikugoro, Hanai Tatsuo, Oikawa Tomoyoshi, Kanazawa Yukio
Division of Social Communication System for Advanced Clinical Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiation Protection, Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital, Minamisoma, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Radiation Protection, Soma Central Hospital, Soma, Fukushima, Japan.
Department of Radiation Protection, Soma Central Hospital, Soma, Fukushima, Japan.
PLoS One. 2015 Jun 8;10(6):e0129114. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129114. eCollection 2015.
An assessment of the external and internal radiation exposure levels, which includes calculation of effective doses from chronic radiation exposure and assessment of long-term radiation-related health risks, has become mandatory for residents living near the nuclear power plant in Fukushima, Japan. Data for all primary and secondary children in Minamisoma who participated in both external and internal screening programs were employed to assess the annual additional effective dose acquired due to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster. In total, 881 children took part in both internal and external radiation exposure screening programs between 1st April 2012 to 31st March 2013. The level of additional effective doses ranged from 0.025 to 3.49 mSv/year with the median of 0.70 mSv/year. While 99.7% of the children (n = 878) were not detected with internal contamination, 90.3% of the additional effective doses was the result of external radiation exposure. This finding is relatively consistent with the doses estimated by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). The present study showed that the level of annual additional effective doses among children in Minamisoma has been low, even after the inter-individual differences were taken into account. The dose from internal radiation exposure was negligible presumably due to the success of contaminated food control.
对外部和内部辐射暴露水平进行评估，包括计算慢性辐射暴露的有效剂量以及评估长期辐射相关健康风险，已成为日本福岛核电站附近居民的一项强制性要求。采用南相马市所有参加了外部和内部筛查项目的中小学生的数据，来评估因福岛第一核电站灾难而获得的年度额外有效剂量。2012年4月1日至2013年3月31日期间，共有881名儿童参加了内部和外部辐射暴露筛查项目。额外有效剂量水平在0.025至3.49毫希沃特/年之间，中位数为0.70毫希沃特/年。虽然99.7%的儿童（n = 878）未检测到体内污染，但90.3%的额外有效剂量是外部辐射暴露所致。这一发现与联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会（UNSCEAR）估计的剂量相对一致。本研究表明，即使考虑到个体差异，南相马市儿童的年度额外有效剂量水平一直较低。由于受污染食品控制取得成功，体内辐射暴露剂量可忽略不计。
