Taghavi Sayed Mohammad, Momenpour Mahdiye, Azarian Maryam, Ahmadian Mohammad, Souri Faramarz, Taghavi Sayed Ali, Sadeghain Marzieh, Karchani Mohsen
M.Sc. of Occupational Health Engineering, Kohgiluye & Boyer Ahmad Health Care Management of Social Security Organization, Yasuj, Iran.
Department of Environmental Biodiversity, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran.
Electron Physician. 2013 Nov 1;5(4):706-12. doi: 10.14661/2013.706-712. eCollection 2013 Oct-Dec.
Today, most parts of different nanotechnologies are growing and developing without any special rules and regulations. This could result in undesirable changes in the environment and affect workers in indoor and outdoor workplaces. Carbon-based nanoparticles, such as fullerenes, nanotubes, the oxides of metals such as iron and titanium, and natural inorganic compounds, including asbestos and quartz, can have biological effects on the environment and human health. The risk assessment of such nanoparticles requires evaluation of their mobility, reactivity, environmental toxicity, and stability. With the increasing use of nanoparticles for commercial and industrial purposes, the debate becomes whether the numerous benefits of nanoparticles can overcome the economic costs, environmental impacts, and unknown risks resulting from their use. To date, few studies have been conducted on the toxic and environmental effects that result from direct and indirect exposure to nanoparticles, and there are no clear standards to determine their effects. Lack of technical information in this regard has provided an appropriate context for supporters and opponents of nanoparticles to present contradictory and ill-considered results. Such an uncertain atmosphere has caused increased concerns about the effects of nanoparticles. Therefore, adequate studies to determine the exact, real risks of the use of nanoparticles are required. The information resulting from these studies can be useful in minimizing the environmental hazards that could arise from the use of nanoparticles. Thus, this paper briefly explains the classification of environmental nanoparticles and how to deal with their formation, diffusion, environmental fate and impacts, and our exposure to them.
如今，不同纳米技术的大部分领域都在没有任何特殊规章制度的情况下不断发展。这可能会导致环境出现不良变化，并影响室内和室外工作场所的工人。碳基纳米颗粒，如富勒烯、纳米管，铁和钛等金属的氧化物，以及包括石棉和石英在内的天然无机化合物，会对环境和人类健康产生生物学影响。对此类纳米颗粒的风险评估需要对它们的迁移性、反应性、环境毒性和稳定性进行评估。随着纳米颗粒在商业和工业领域的使用日益增加，争论的焦点变成了纳米颗粒的众多益处是否能够抵消其使用所带来的经济成本、环境影响和未知风险。迄今为止，关于直接和间接接触纳米颗粒所产生的毒性和环境影响的研究很少，而且也没有明确的标准来确定它们的影响。在这方面缺乏技术信息，为纳米颗粒的支持者和反对者提供了一个合适的环境，使他们能够提出相互矛盾且考虑不周的结果。这种不确定的氛围加剧了人们对纳米颗粒影响的担忧。因此，需要进行充分的研究来确定使用纳米颗粒的确切、真实风险。这些研究得出的信息有助于将使用纳米颗粒可能产生的环境危害降至最低。因此，本文简要解释了环境纳米颗粒的分类以及如何应对它们的形成、扩散、环境归宿和影响，以及我们对它们的接触。
