Somervaille L J, Nilsson U, Chettle D R, Tell I, Scott M C, Schütz A, Mattsson S, Skerfving S
School of Physics and Space Research, University of Birmingham, UK.
Phys Med Biol. 1989 Dec;34(12):1833-45. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/34/12/007.
In vivo bone lead measurements have been made on a group of about 120 people, most of whom were lead exposed workers. Two different x-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques were used to make measurements at three bone sites. Finger lead was measured using 57Co sources, and lead measurements were made in both tibia and calcaneus with a technique based on 109Cd sources. The results of the bone lead measurements correlated strongly with each other and with the index of cumulative exposure, thus confirming the value and reliability of these in vivo measurements as a tool in the study of chronic lead exposure. Measurement precision, +/- 1 standard deviation, was highest for tibia +/- 7.4 micrograms (g bone mineral)-1, +/- 16.6 micrograms (g bone mineral)-1 for the calcaneus and lowest for phalangeal lead +/- 25.0 micrograms (g bone mineral)-1. Maximum absorbed doses to the skin were comparable for all three measurements (1-3 mGy). The mean whole body dose equivalents were all low, but that for the finger measurement, 0.1 microSv, was significantly less than for the calcaneus and tibia measurements 3-5 microSv.
已对一组约120人进行了体内骨铅测量，其中大多数是铅暴露工人。使用两种不同的X射线荧光（XRF）技术在三个骨部位进行测量。使用57Co源测量手指铅含量，并采用基于109Cd源的技术测量胫骨和跟骨中的铅含量。骨铅测量结果彼此之间以及与累积暴露指数都有很强的相关性，从而证实了这些体内测量作为慢性铅暴露研究工具的价值和可靠性。测量精度（±1标准差），胫骨最高为±7.4微克（每克骨矿物质）-1，跟骨为±16.6微克（每克骨矿物质）-1，指骨铅最低为±25.0微克（每克骨矿物质）-1。所有三种测量的皮肤最大吸收剂量相当（1 - 3毫戈瑞）。全身平均剂量当量都很低，但手指测量的剂量当量为0.1微希沃特，明显低于跟骨和胫骨测量的3 - 5微希沃特。
