Kaewpitoon Natthawut, Loyd Ryan A, Kaewpitoon Soraya J, Rujirakul Ratana
J Med Assoc Thai. 2015 May;98 Suppl 4:S17-21.
Malaria is a serious public health problem of the world especially in Africa and Asia where the areas are located in the tropical and subtropical regions. Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease ofhumans caused by parasitic protozoans of the genus Plasmodium.
The present study aims to analyze the risk areas by using Potential Surface Analysis (PSA) with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Thai-Cambodia border including Buriram and Surin provinces.
The study divided the factors into six factors including population density, land used (agriculture, houses, water reservoirs, forest), anopheles adult density in villages with reported cases, average annual rainfall, average annual temperature, average annual relative humidity and analyzing risk areas by analysis of PSA.
846 malaria cases were reported between 2008 and 2012, 80.50% and 19.50% from to the Surin and Buriram provinces, respectively. The most cases were found in females, in the 31-40-year age group and agricultural people. The predominant cases were Plasmodium vivax with 45.36%. The high-risk areas of malaria cases was on the 3,014.79 kilometer Thai-Cambodian border consisting offour districts: Nangrong and Nondaeng districts of Buriram province and Sangka and Buached districts of Surin province. The relationship between malaria morbidity with environmental factors found that malaria morbidity rates were associated with land use (forest areas), population density, anopheles adult density of statistical significance and influenced morbidity rates by 12.3% (Adjusted R2 = 0.261), 17.0 (Adjusted R2 = 0.170), and 11.1 (Adjusted R2 = 0.111). The climate factor associated to malaria morbidity with average annual relative humidity by percentage of 5.7 (Adjusted R2 = 0.057).
This study showed that malaria is still a problem in Thailand-Cambodia border and the analysis of PSA with GIS can be used to assess the risk of malarial morbidity, and lead to planning, control, and prevention of the morbidity.
疟疾是一个严重的全球公共卫生问题，尤其在位于热带和亚热带地区的非洲和亚洲。疟疾是一种由疟原虫属的寄生原生动物引起的、通过蚊子传播的人类传染病。
本研究旨在利用地理信息系统（GIS）的潜在表面分析（PSA），分析泰国与柬埔寨边境包括武里南府和素林府的疟疾风险区域。
该研究将因素分为六个因素，包括人口密度、土地利用（农业、房屋、水库、森林）、有报告病例村庄的按蚊成虫密度、年平均降雨量、年平均温度、年平均相对湿度，并通过PSA分析来分析风险区域。
2008年至2012年期间报告了846例疟疾病例，分别来自素林府和武里南府的病例占80.50%和19.50%。大多数病例为女性，年龄在31至40岁之间，且为农业人口。主要病例为间日疟原虫，占45.36%。疟疾病例的高风险区域位于3014.79公里的泰柬边境，包括四个区：武里南府的南荣区和农登区以及素林府的桑卡区和布阿切区。疟疾发病率与环境因素之间的关系发现，疟疾发病率与土地利用（森林地区）、人口密度、按蚊成虫密度具有统计学意义，分别对发病率的影响为12.3%（调整R2 = 0.261）、17.0（调整R2 = 0.170）和11.1（调整R2 = 0.111）。与疟疾发病率相关的气候因素是年平均相对湿度，占比为5.7（调整R2 = 0.057）。
本研究表明，疟疾在泰国与柬埔寨边境仍然是一个问题，利用GIS的PSA分析可用于评估疟疾发病风险，并有助于规划、控制和预防疟疾发病。
