Wadsworth Christopher A, Lim Adrian, Taylor-Robinson Simon D, Khan Shahid A
Hepatology and Gastroenterology Section, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, 10th Floor QEQM Wing, St Mary's Hospital Campus, South Wharf Road, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Radiology Department, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Hepatol Int. 2013 Jun;7(2):377-93. doi: 10.1007/s12072-012-9407-y. Epub 2012 Nov 10.
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a generally fatal malignancy of the biliary tree. Its incidence is increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of CC frequently occurs late in the course of the disease, which contributes to the high mortality rate. Securing the diagnosis can prove difficult and may require a combination of imaging modalities, serum markers, and tissue sampling. Even with current best practice accurate diagnosis and staging is often elusive. We review current trends in the epidemiology of CC, current best practice in its diagnosis, and some of the emerging technologies and systems that may lead to improved diagnosis, staging, and, perhaps, outcome.
胆管癌（CC）是一种通常致命的胆管恶性肿瘤。其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。不幸的是，CC的诊断常常在疾病进程的晚期才得以进行，这导致了高死亡率。确诊可能很困难，可能需要综合运用多种成像方式、血清标志物和组织采样。即便采用当前的最佳实践方法，准确的诊断和分期往往也难以实现。我们回顾了CC流行病学的当前趋势、其诊断的当前最佳实践方法，以及一些可能会改善诊断、分期乃至预后的新兴技术和系统。
