Sanchez-Vizuete Pilar, Orgaz Belen, Aymerich Stéphane, Le Coq Dominique, Briandet Romain
INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas France ; AgroParisTech, UMR MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas France.
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University de Madrid Madrid, Spain.
Front Microbiol. 2015 Jul 14;6:705. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00705. eCollection 2015.
Biofilms constitute the prevalent way of life for microorganisms in both natural and man-made environments. Biofilm-dwelling cells display greater tolerance to antimicrobial agents than those that are free-living, and the mechanisms by which this occurs have been investigated extensively using single-strain axenic models. However, there is growing evidence that interspecies interactions may profoundly alter the response of the community to such toxic exposure. In this paper, we propose an overview of the studies dealing with multispecies biofilms resistance to biocides, with particular reference to the protection of pathogenic species by resident surface flora when subjected to disinfectants treatments. The mechanisms involved in such protection include interspecies signaling, interference between biocides molecules and public goods in the matrix, or the physiology and genetic plasticity associated with a structural spatial arrangement. After describing these different mechanisms, we will discuss the experimental methods available for their analysis in the context of complex multispecies biofilms.
生物膜是微生物在自然和人造环境中普遍的生存方式。与自由生活的细胞相比,生活在生物膜中的细胞对抗菌剂表现出更强的耐受性,并且已经使用单菌株无菌模型对这种现象发生的机制进行了广泛研究。然而,越来越多的证据表明,种间相互作用可能会深刻改变群落对这种毒性暴露的反应。在本文中,我们概述了关于多物种生物膜对杀菌剂抗性的研究,特别提及在消毒剂处理下常驻表面菌群对致病物种的保护作用。这种保护所涉及的机制包括种间信号传递、杀菌剂分子与基质中公共物品之间的干扰,或者与结构空间排列相关的生理学和遗传可塑性。在描述了这些不同机制之后,我们将讨论在复杂的多物种生物膜背景下可用于分析它们的实验方法。