Brennan-Jones Christopher G, Taljaard Dunay S, Brennan-Jones Sophie E F, Bennett Rebecca J, Swanepoel De Wet, Eikelboom Robert H
Ear Science Institute Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Ear Sciences Centre, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Aust J Rural Health. 2016 Apr;24(2):130-5. doi: 10.1111/ajr.12227. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
To examine whether self-reported hearing difficulty is an accurate measure of hearing loss compared with standard hearing screening with pure tone audiometry in rural and urban communities.
Convenience sampling.
Urban and rural areas of Western Australia.
A total of 2090 participants (923 men; 1165 women; 2 unknown) aged 20-100 years presenting for community-based hearing screening in urban (982) and rural (1090) areas.
Self-reported hearing difficulty assessed with the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - Screening questionnaire. Hearing loss defined as average hearing thresholds >25 dB in the better ear using screening audiometry conducted at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz.
Nil.
The Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - Screening was sensitive (≥60 years = 76.69%; <60 years = 71.67%) but not specific (≥60 years = 45.15%; <60 years = 49.63%) for identifying hearing loss. The <60 age group had a hearing loss prevalence of 25.6%, and a false-positive rate of 67.12% compared with a prevalence of 69.12% and false-positive rate of 29.77% for the ≥60 age group. For all ages, rural participants were more likely to have a disabling hearing loss (odds ratio 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.67); χ(2)(1) = 27.28; P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in hearing aid uptake.
Patients in rural areas presenting for hearing screenings are more likely to suffer hearing loss than adults in urban areas. We suggest rural health practitioners incorporate a self-reported hearing loss questionnaire into health check-ups for adults, particularly patients aged ≥60 years due to the high prevalence of hearing loss in this group.
与在农村和城市社区使用纯音听力计进行的标准听力筛查相比，研究自我报告的听力困难是否是听力损失的准确指标。
便利抽样。
西澳大利亚州的城市和农村地区。
共有2090名年龄在20 - 100岁之间的参与者（923名男性；1165名女性；2名信息不明）在城市地区（982名）和农村地区（1090名）参加基于社区的听力筛查。
使用老年听力障碍量表筛查问卷评估自我报告的听力困难。听力损失定义为使用在500、1000、2000和4000赫兹进行的筛查听力测定法，较好耳的平均听力阈值>25分贝。
无。
老年听力障碍量表筛查对识别听力损失具有敏感性（≥60岁=76.69%；<60岁=71.67%）但不具有特异性（≥60岁=45.15%；<60岁=49.63%）。<60岁年龄组的听力损失患病率为25.6%，假阳性率为67.12%，而≥60岁年龄组的患病率为69.12%，假阳性率为29.77%。对于所有年龄段，农村参与者更有可能患有致残性听力损失（优势比2.04（95%置信区间，1.55 - 2.67）；χ(2)(1)=27.28；P<0.001），但在助听器使用方面没有显著差异。
参加听力筛查的农村患者比城市成年人更容易遭受听力损失。我们建议农村卫生从业人员将自我报告的听力损失问卷纳入成人健康检查中，特别是对于≥60岁的患者，因为该组听力损失患病率较高。
