Yamada Hiroko, Takahashi Kazuaki, Lim Olline, Svay Somana, Chuon Channarena, Hok Sirany, Do Son Huy, Fujimoto Mayumi, Akita Tomoyuki, Goto Noboru, Katayama Keiko, Arai Masahiro, Tanaka Junko
Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Department of Medical Sciences, Toshiba General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):e0136903. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136903. eCollection 2015.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a growing public health problem in many countries. In this study, we investigated HEV seroprevalence among the general population in the Siem Reap province, Cambodia, and performed HEV genetic analysis with the aim to develop an HEV prevention strategy. This seroepidemiological cross-sectional study conducted from 2010 to 2014 included 868 participants from four different locations in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. They answered questionnaires and provided blood samples for the analysis of hepatitis virus infections. Among the participants (360 men and 508 women; age range, 7-90 years), the prevalence of anti-HEV IgG was 18.4% (95% confidence interval: 15.9-21.0); HEV RNA was detected in two participants (0.23%) and was classified as genotype 3 and 4. Full-length genome of the genotype 4 isolate, CVS-Sie10, was sequenced; it contained 7,222 nucleotides and three ORFs and demonstrated high sequence identity with the swine China isolates swGX40 (95.57%), SS19 (94.37%), and swDQ (91.94%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that men, elderly people, and house workers were risk groups significantly associated with the positivity for anti-HEV IgG. This is the first report on the detection of HEV genotype 4 in humans in Cambodia and on the complete genome sequence of HEV genotype 4 from this country. Our study demonstrates that new HEV infection cases occur frequently among the general population in Cambodia, and effective preventive measures are required.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）在许多国家已成为一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。在本研究中，我们调查了柬埔寨暹粒省普通人群中的HEV血清流行率，并进行了HEV基因分析，旨在制定一项HEV预防策略。这项于2010年至2014年开展的血清流行病学横断面研究纳入了来自柬埔寨暹粒省四个不同地点的868名参与者。他们回答了问卷并提供了血液样本以分析肝炎病毒感染情况。在这些参与者中（360名男性和508名女性；年龄范围为7至90岁），抗HEV IgG的流行率为18.4%（95%置信区间：15.9 - 21.0）；在两名参与者中检测到HEV RNA（0.23%），并被分类为基因型3和4。对基因型4分离株CVS - Sie10的全长基因组进行了测序；它包含7222个核苷酸和三个开放阅读框，并与中国猪分离株swGX40（95.57%）、SS19（94.37%）和swDQ（91.94%）具有高度序列同一性。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，男性、老年人和家政服务人员是与抗HEV IgG阳性显著相关的风险群体。这是柬埔寨关于人类中检测到HEV基因型4以及该国HEV基因型4完整基因组序列的首次报告。我们的研究表明，柬埔寨普通人群中频繁出现新的HEV感染病例，需要采取有效的预防措施。
