Hernández Galiot Ana, Pontes Torrado Yolanda, Goñi Cambrodón Isabel
Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, España..
Nutr Hosp. 2015 Sep 1;32(3):1184-92. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.3.9176.
to assess the nutritional status of autonomous non-institutionalized elderly, and determine the relationship between malnutrition risk and social factors, diseases and quality of life of the population.
cross-sectional study in 57 adults over 75 autonomous, non-institutionalized residents in Garrucha, Almería. The nutritional risk assessment was performed with the MNA questionnaire. The social risk was assessed by socio-familiar scale of Gijón, and the life expectancy was assessed by CCI questionnaire.
73.7% of the population had a good nutritional status; 22.8% was at risk of malnutrition and 3.5% had malnutrition. Some subjects were at social risk and 17.5% had a probability of mortality rate of over 52% in the following three years. Most of the population was within 5 diseases. The risk of malnutrition was positively related to social risk and the number of chronic diseases.
the elderly presented an acceptable nutritional status. However, 22.8% of the group was at risk of malnutrition, especially those over 90 years and women. The risk of malnutrition appears to be associated with a more disadvantaged social situation and with more diseases. The development of training programs in nutrition education and the use of simple tools to detect nutritional risk in primary health care could be effective tools to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition, avoid negative consequences on the health and improve the quality of life of older adults.
评估自主生活且未入住养老机构的老年人的营养状况，并确定营养不良风险与社会因素、疾病及人群生活质量之间的关系。
对阿尔梅里亚省加鲁查市57名75岁以上自主生活且未入住养老机构的成年人进行横断面研究。采用微型营养评定法（MNA）问卷进行营养风险评估。通过希洪社会家庭量表评估社会风险，通过累积疾病评分量表（CCI）问卷评估预期寿命。
73.7%的人群营养状况良好；22.8%存在营养不良风险，3.5%患有营养不良。部分受试者存在社会风险，17.5%的人在未来三年的死亡率概率超过52%。大多数人群患有5种疾病以内。营养不良风险与社会风险和慢性病数量呈正相关。
老年人的营养状况尚可。然而，该群体中有22.8%存在营养不良风险，尤其是90岁以上老人和女性。营养不良风险似乎与更不利的社会状况和更多疾病有关。开展营养教育培训项目以及在初级卫生保健中使用简单工具来检测营养风险，可能是降低营养不良患病率、避免对健康产生负面影响以及提高老年人生活质量的有效手段。
