Obeid Joseph, Hu Yinin, Slingluff Craig L
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
Semin Oncol. 2015 Aug;42(4):549-61. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.05.006. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
Cancer vaccines offer a low-toxicity approach to induce anticancer immune responses. They have shown promise for clinical benefit with one cancer vaccine approved in the United States for advanced prostate cancer. As other immune therapies are now clearly effective for treatment of advanced cancers of many histologies, there is renewed enthusiasm for optimizing cancer vaccines for use to prevent recurrence in early-stage cancers and/or to combine with other immune therapies for therapy of advanced cancers. Future advancements in vaccine therapy will involve the identification and selection of effective antigen formulations, optimization of adjuvants, dendritic cell (DC) activation, and combination therapies. In this summary we present the current practice, the broad collection of challenges, and the promising future directions of vaccine therapy for cancer.
癌症疫苗提供了一种低毒性的方法来诱导抗癌免疫反应。它们已显示出临床获益的前景，美国已批准一种癌症疫苗用于治疗晚期前列腺癌。由于其他免疫疗法目前已被证明对多种组织学类型的晚期癌症有效，因此人们重新燃起了对优化癌症疫苗的热情，以用于预防早期癌症的复发和/或与其他免疫疗法联合治疗晚期癌症。疫苗治疗的未来进展将涉及有效抗原制剂的鉴定和选择、佐剂的优化、树突状细胞（DC）的激活以及联合疗法。在本综述中，我们介绍了癌症疫苗治疗的当前实践、广泛存在的挑战以及充满希望的未来方向。
