Brayet Pauline, Petit Dominique, Frauscher Birgit, Gagnon Jean-François, Gosselin Nadia, Gagnon Katia, Rouleau Isabelle, Montplaisir Jacques
Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2016 Apr;47(2):134-41. doi: 10.1177/1550059415603050. Epub 2015 Aug 30.
The basal forebrain cholinergic system, which is impaired in early Alzheimer's disease, is more crucial for the activation of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) than it is for wakefulness. Quantitative EEG from REM sleep might thus provide an earlier and more accurate marker of the development of Alzheimer's disease in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects than that from wakefulness. To assess the superiority of the REM sleep EEG as a screening tool for preclinical Alzheimer's disease, 22 subjects with amnestic MCI (a-MCI; 63.9±7.7 years), 10 subjects with nonamnestic MCI (na-MCI; 64.1±4.5 years) and 32 controls (63.7±6.6 years) participated in the study. Spectral analyses of the waking EEG and REM sleep EEG were performed and the [(delta+theta)/(alpha+beta)] ratio was used to assess between-group differences in EEG slowing. The a-MCI subgroup showed EEG slowing in frontal lateral regions compared to both na-MCI and control groups. This EEG slowing was present in wakefulness (compared to controls) but was much more prominent in REM sleep. Moreover, the comparison between amnestic and nonamnestic subjects was found significant only for the REM sleep EEG. There was no difference in EEG power ratio between na-MCI and controls for any of the 7 cortical regions studied. These findings demonstrate the superiority of the REM sleep EEG in the discrimination between a-MCI and both na-MCI and control subjects.
基底前脑胆碱能系统在早期阿尔茨海默病中受损，它对快速眼动（REM）睡眠脑电图（EEG）激活的作用比对清醒状态的作用更为关键。因此，与清醒状态相比，REM睡眠的定量脑电图可能为轻度认知障碍（MCI）受试者阿尔茨海默病的发展提供更早、更准确的标志物。为了评估REM睡眠脑电图作为临床前阿尔茨海默病筛查工具的优越性，22名遗忘型MCI（a-MCI；63.9±7.7岁）受试者、10名非遗忘型MCI（na-MCI；64.1±4.5岁）受试者和32名对照组（63.7±6.6岁）参与了该研究。对清醒EEG和REM睡眠EEG进行频谱分析，并使用[（δ+θ）/（α+β）]比值评估组间EEG减慢的差异。与na-MCI组和对照组相比，a-MCI亚组在额叶外侧区域表现出EEG减慢。这种EEG减慢在清醒状态下（与对照组相比）就已存在，但在REM睡眠中更为明显。此外，仅在REM睡眠EEG中发现遗忘型和非遗忘型受试者之间的比较具有显著性。在所研究的7个皮质区域中，na-MCI组和对照组之间的EEG功率比没有差异。这些发现证明了REM睡眠EEG在区分a-MCI与na-MCI组和对照组方面的优越性。
