Engene Niclas, Tronholm Ana, Salvador-Reyes Lilibeth A, Luesch Hendrik, Paul Valerie J
J Phycol. 2015 Aug;51(4):670-81. doi: 10.1111/jpy.12309.
Many tropical marine cyanobacteria are prolific producers of bioactive secondary metabolites with ecological relevance and promising pharmaceutical applications. One species of chemically rich, tropical marine cyanobacteria that was previously identified as Symploca hydnoides or Symploca sp. corresponds to the traditional taxonomic definition of Phormidium penicillatum. In this study, we clarified the taxonomy of this biomedically and ecologically important cyanobacterium by comparing recently collected specimens with the original type material and the taxonomic description of P. penicillatum. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer regions showed that P. penicillatum formed an independent clade sister to the genus Symploca, and distantly related to Phormidium and Lyngbya. We propose the new genus Caldora for this clade, with Caldora penicillata comb. nov. as the type species and designate as the epitype the recently collected strain FK13-1. Furthermore, the production of bioactive secondary metabolites among various geographically dispersed collections of C. penicillata showed that this species consistently produced the metabolite dolastatin 10 and/or the related compound symplostatin 1, which appear to be robust autapomorphic characters and chemotaxonomic markers for this taxon.
许多热带海洋蓝细菌是具有生态相关性且有潜在药用价值的生物活性次生代谢产物的丰富生产者。一种化学物质丰富的热带海洋蓝细菌，以前被鉴定为Symploca hydnoides或Symploca sp.，符合Phormidium penicillatum的传统分类定义。在本研究中，我们通过将最近收集的标本与原始模式材料以及P. penicillatum的分类描述进行比较，阐明了这种在生物医学和生态学上具有重要意义的蓝细菌的分类。对16S rRNA基因和16S - 23S内部转录间隔区的分子系统发育分析表明，P. penicillatum形成了一个独立的分支，是Symploca属的姐妹分支，与Phormidium属和Lyngbya属关系较远。我们为这个分支提出了新属Caldora，以Caldora penicillata comb. nov.作为模式种，并将最近收集的菌株FK13 - 1指定为后选模式标本。此外，在不同地理分布的C. penicillata样本中生物活性次生代谢产物的产生表明，该物种始终产生代谢物多拉司他汀10和/或相关化合物共生菌素1，这似乎是该分类单元强大的自近裔性状和化学分类学标记。
